contented/vendor/github.com/boltdb/bolt/db_test.go

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2018-06-09 05:54:49 +00:00
package bolt_test
import (
"bytes"
"encoding/binary"
"errors"
"flag"
"fmt"
"hash/fnv"
"io/ioutil"
"log"
"os"
"path/filepath"
"regexp"
"sort"
"strings"
"sync"
"testing"
"time"
"unsafe"
"github.com/boltdb/bolt"
)
var statsFlag = flag.Bool("stats", false, "show performance stats")
// version is the data file format version.
const version = 2
// magic is the marker value to indicate that a file is a Bolt DB.
const magic uint32 = 0xED0CDAED
// pageSize is the size of one page in the data file.
const pageSize = 4096
// pageHeaderSize is the size of a page header.
const pageHeaderSize = 16
// meta represents a simplified version of a database meta page for testing.
type meta struct {
magic uint32
version uint32
_ uint32
_ uint32
_ [16]byte
_ uint64
pgid uint64
_ uint64
checksum uint64
}
// Ensure that a database can be opened without error.
func TestOpen(t *testing.T) {
path := tempfile()
db, err := bolt.Open(path, 0666, nil)
if err != nil {
t.Fatal(err)
} else if db == nil {
t.Fatal("expected db")
}
if s := db.Path(); s != path {
t.Fatalf("unexpected path: %s", s)
}
if err := db.Close(); err != nil {
t.Fatal(err)
}
}
// Ensure that opening a database with a blank path returns an error.
func TestOpen_ErrPathRequired(t *testing.T) {
_, err := bolt.Open("", 0666, nil)
if err == nil {
t.Fatalf("expected error")
}
}
// Ensure that opening a database with a bad path returns an error.
func TestOpen_ErrNotExists(t *testing.T) {
_, err := bolt.Open(filepath.Join(tempfile(), "bad-path"), 0666, nil)
if err == nil {
t.Fatal("expected error")
}
}
// Ensure that opening a file that is not a Bolt database returns ErrInvalid.
func TestOpen_ErrInvalid(t *testing.T) {
path := tempfile()
f, err := os.Create(path)
if err != nil {
t.Fatal(err)
}
if _, err := fmt.Fprintln(f, "this is not a bolt database"); err != nil {
t.Fatal(err)
}
if err := f.Close(); err != nil {
t.Fatal(err)
}
defer os.Remove(path)
if _, err := bolt.Open(path, 0666, nil); err != bolt.ErrInvalid {
t.Fatalf("unexpected error: %s", err)
}
}
// Ensure that opening a file with two invalid versions returns ErrVersionMismatch.
func TestOpen_ErrVersionMismatch(t *testing.T) {
if pageSize != os.Getpagesize() {
t.Skip("page size mismatch")
}
// Create empty database.
db := MustOpenDB()
path := db.Path()
defer db.MustClose()
// Close database.
if err := db.DB.Close(); err != nil {
t.Fatal(err)
}
// Read data file.
buf, err := ioutil.ReadFile(path)
if err != nil {
t.Fatal(err)
}
// Rewrite meta pages.
meta0 := (*meta)(unsafe.Pointer(&buf[pageHeaderSize]))
meta0.version++
meta1 := (*meta)(unsafe.Pointer(&buf[pageSize+pageHeaderSize]))
meta1.version++
if err := ioutil.WriteFile(path, buf, 0666); err != nil {
t.Fatal(err)
}
// Reopen data file.
if _, err := bolt.Open(path, 0666, nil); err != bolt.ErrVersionMismatch {
t.Fatalf("unexpected error: %s", err)
}
}
// Ensure that opening a file with two invalid checksums returns ErrChecksum.
func TestOpen_ErrChecksum(t *testing.T) {
if pageSize != os.Getpagesize() {
t.Skip("page size mismatch")
}
// Create empty database.
db := MustOpenDB()
path := db.Path()
defer db.MustClose()
// Close database.
if err := db.DB.Close(); err != nil {
t.Fatal(err)
}
// Read data file.
buf, err := ioutil.ReadFile(path)
if err != nil {
t.Fatal(err)
}
// Rewrite meta pages.
meta0 := (*meta)(unsafe.Pointer(&buf[pageHeaderSize]))
meta0.pgid++
meta1 := (*meta)(unsafe.Pointer(&buf[pageSize+pageHeaderSize]))
meta1.pgid++
if err := ioutil.WriteFile(path, buf, 0666); err != nil {
t.Fatal(err)
}
// Reopen data file.
if _, err := bolt.Open(path, 0666, nil); err != bolt.ErrChecksum {
t.Fatalf("unexpected error: %s", err)
}
}
// Ensure that opening a database does not increase its size.
// https://github.com/boltdb/bolt/issues/291
func TestOpen_Size(t *testing.T) {
// Open a data file.
db := MustOpenDB()
path := db.Path()
defer db.MustClose()
pagesize := db.Info().PageSize
// Insert until we get above the minimum 4MB size.
if err := db.Update(func(tx *bolt.Tx) error {
b, _ := tx.CreateBucketIfNotExists([]byte("data"))
for i := 0; i < 10000; i++ {
if err := b.Put([]byte(fmt.Sprintf("%04d", i)), make([]byte, 1000)); err != nil {
t.Fatal(err)
}
}
return nil
}); err != nil {
t.Fatal(err)
}
// Close database and grab the size.
if err := db.DB.Close(); err != nil {
t.Fatal(err)
}
sz := fileSize(path)
if sz == 0 {
t.Fatalf("unexpected new file size: %d", sz)
}
// Reopen database, update, and check size again.
db0, err := bolt.Open(path, 0666, nil)
if err != nil {
t.Fatal(err)
}
if err := db0.Update(func(tx *bolt.Tx) error {
if err := tx.Bucket([]byte("data")).Put([]byte{0}, []byte{0}); err != nil {
t.Fatal(err)
}
return nil
}); err != nil {
t.Fatal(err)
}
if err := db0.Close(); err != nil {
t.Fatal(err)
}
newSz := fileSize(path)
if newSz == 0 {
t.Fatalf("unexpected new file size: %d", newSz)
}
// Compare the original size with the new size.
// db size might increase by a few page sizes due to the new small update.
if sz < newSz-5*int64(pagesize) {
t.Fatalf("unexpected file growth: %d => %d", sz, newSz)
}
}
// Ensure that opening a database beyond the max step size does not increase its size.
// https://github.com/boltdb/bolt/issues/303
func TestOpen_Size_Large(t *testing.T) {
if testing.Short() {
t.Skip("short mode")
}
// Open a data file.
db := MustOpenDB()
path := db.Path()
defer db.MustClose()
pagesize := db.Info().PageSize
// Insert until we get above the minimum 4MB size.
var index uint64
for i := 0; i < 10000; i++ {
if err := db.Update(func(tx *bolt.Tx) error {
b, _ := tx.CreateBucketIfNotExists([]byte("data"))
for j := 0; j < 1000; j++ {
if err := b.Put(u64tob(index), make([]byte, 50)); err != nil {
t.Fatal(err)
}
index++
}
return nil
}); err != nil {
t.Fatal(err)
}
}
// Close database and grab the size.
if err := db.DB.Close(); err != nil {
t.Fatal(err)
}
sz := fileSize(path)
if sz == 0 {
t.Fatalf("unexpected new file size: %d", sz)
} else if sz < (1 << 30) {
t.Fatalf("expected larger initial size: %d", sz)
}
// Reopen database, update, and check size again.
db0, err := bolt.Open(path, 0666, nil)
if err != nil {
t.Fatal(err)
}
if err := db0.Update(func(tx *bolt.Tx) error {
return tx.Bucket([]byte("data")).Put([]byte{0}, []byte{0})
}); err != nil {
t.Fatal(err)
}
if err := db0.Close(); err != nil {
t.Fatal(err)
}
newSz := fileSize(path)
if newSz == 0 {
t.Fatalf("unexpected new file size: %d", newSz)
}
// Compare the original size with the new size.
// db size might increase by a few page sizes due to the new small update.
if sz < newSz-5*int64(pagesize) {
t.Fatalf("unexpected file growth: %d => %d", sz, newSz)
}
}
// Ensure that a re-opened database is consistent.
func TestOpen_Check(t *testing.T) {
path := tempfile()
db, err := bolt.Open(path, 0666, nil)
if err != nil {
t.Fatal(err)
}
if err := db.View(func(tx *bolt.Tx) error { return <-tx.Check() }); err != nil {
t.Fatal(err)
}
if err := db.Close(); err != nil {
t.Fatal(err)
}
db, err = bolt.Open(path, 0666, nil)
if err != nil {
t.Fatal(err)
}
if err := db.View(func(tx *bolt.Tx) error { return <-tx.Check() }); err != nil {
t.Fatal(err)
}
if err := db.Close(); err != nil {
t.Fatal(err)
}
}
// Ensure that write errors to the meta file handler during initialization are returned.
func TestOpen_MetaInitWriteError(t *testing.T) {
t.Skip("pending")
}
// Ensure that a database that is too small returns an error.
func TestOpen_FileTooSmall(t *testing.T) {
path := tempfile()
db, err := bolt.Open(path, 0666, nil)
if err != nil {
t.Fatal(err)
}
if err := db.Close(); err != nil {
t.Fatal(err)
}
// corrupt the database
if err := os.Truncate(path, int64(os.Getpagesize())); err != nil {
t.Fatal(err)
}
db, err = bolt.Open(path, 0666, nil)
if err == nil || err.Error() != "file size too small" {
t.Fatalf("unexpected error: %s", err)
}
}
// TestDB_Open_InitialMmapSize tests if having InitialMmapSize large enough
// to hold data from concurrent write transaction resolves the issue that
// read transaction blocks the write transaction and causes deadlock.
// This is a very hacky test since the mmap size is not exposed.
func TestDB_Open_InitialMmapSize(t *testing.T) {
path := tempfile()
defer os.Remove(path)
initMmapSize := 1 << 31 // 2GB
testWriteSize := 1 << 27 // 134MB
db, err := bolt.Open(path, 0666, &bolt.Options{InitialMmapSize: initMmapSize})
if err != nil {
t.Fatal(err)
}
// create a long-running read transaction
// that never gets closed while writing
rtx, err := db.Begin(false)
if err != nil {
t.Fatal(err)
}
// create a write transaction
wtx, err := db.Begin(true)
if err != nil {
t.Fatal(err)
}
b, err := wtx.CreateBucket([]byte("test"))
if err != nil {
t.Fatal(err)
}
// and commit a large write
err = b.Put([]byte("foo"), make([]byte, testWriteSize))
if err != nil {
t.Fatal(err)
}
done := make(chan struct{})
go func() {
if err := wtx.Commit(); err != nil {
t.Fatal(err)
}
done <- struct{}{}
}()
select {
case <-time.After(5 * time.Second):
t.Errorf("unexpected that the reader blocks writer")
case <-done:
}
if err := rtx.Rollback(); err != nil {
t.Fatal(err)
}
}
// Ensure that a database cannot open a transaction when it's not open.
func TestDB_Begin_ErrDatabaseNotOpen(t *testing.T) {
var db bolt.DB
if _, err := db.Begin(false); err != bolt.ErrDatabaseNotOpen {
t.Fatalf("unexpected error: %s", err)
}
}
// Ensure that a read-write transaction can be retrieved.
func TestDB_BeginRW(t *testing.T) {
db := MustOpenDB()
defer db.MustClose()
tx, err := db.Begin(true)
if err != nil {
t.Fatal(err)
} else if tx == nil {
t.Fatal("expected tx")
}
if tx.DB() != db.DB {
t.Fatal("unexpected tx database")
} else if !tx.Writable() {
t.Fatal("expected writable tx")
}
if err := tx.Commit(); err != nil {
t.Fatal(err)
}
}
// Ensure that opening a transaction while the DB is closed returns an error.
func TestDB_BeginRW_Closed(t *testing.T) {
var db bolt.DB
if _, err := db.Begin(true); err != bolt.ErrDatabaseNotOpen {
t.Fatalf("unexpected error: %s", err)
}
}
func TestDB_Close_PendingTx_RW(t *testing.T) { testDB_Close_PendingTx(t, true) }
func TestDB_Close_PendingTx_RO(t *testing.T) { testDB_Close_PendingTx(t, false) }
// Ensure that a database cannot close while transactions are open.
func testDB_Close_PendingTx(t *testing.T, writable bool) {
db := MustOpenDB()
defer db.MustClose()
// Start transaction.
tx, err := db.Begin(true)
if err != nil {
t.Fatal(err)
}
// Open update in separate goroutine.
done := make(chan struct{})
go func() {
if err := db.Close(); err != nil {
t.Fatal(err)
}
close(done)
}()
// Ensure database hasn't closed.
time.Sleep(100 * time.Millisecond)
select {
case <-done:
t.Fatal("database closed too early")
default:
}
// Commit transaction.
if err := tx.Commit(); err != nil {
t.Fatal(err)
}
// Ensure database closed now.
time.Sleep(100 * time.Millisecond)
select {
case <-done:
default:
t.Fatal("database did not close")
}
}
// Ensure a database can provide a transactional block.
func TestDB_Update(t *testing.T) {
db := MustOpenDB()
defer db.MustClose()
if err := db.Update(func(tx *bolt.Tx) error {
b, err := tx.CreateBucket([]byte("widgets"))
if err != nil {
t.Fatal(err)
}
if err := b.Put([]byte("foo"), []byte("bar")); err != nil {
t.Fatal(err)
}
if err := b.Put([]byte("baz"), []byte("bat")); err != nil {
t.Fatal(err)
}
if err := b.Delete([]byte("foo")); err != nil {
t.Fatal(err)
}
return nil
}); err != nil {
t.Fatal(err)
}
if err := db.View(func(tx *bolt.Tx) error {
b := tx.Bucket([]byte("widgets"))
if v := b.Get([]byte("foo")); v != nil {
t.Fatalf("expected nil value, got: %v", v)
}
if v := b.Get([]byte("baz")); !bytes.Equal(v, []byte("bat")) {
t.Fatalf("unexpected value: %v", v)
}
return nil
}); err != nil {
t.Fatal(err)
}
}
// Ensure a closed database returns an error while running a transaction block
func TestDB_Update_Closed(t *testing.T) {
var db bolt.DB
if err := db.Update(func(tx *bolt.Tx) error {
if _, err := tx.CreateBucket([]byte("widgets")); err != nil {
t.Fatal(err)
}
return nil
}); err != bolt.ErrDatabaseNotOpen {
t.Fatalf("unexpected error: %s", err)
}
}
// Ensure a panic occurs while trying to commit a managed transaction.
func TestDB_Update_ManualCommit(t *testing.T) {
db := MustOpenDB()
defer db.MustClose()
var panicked bool
if err := db.Update(func(tx *bolt.Tx) error {
func() {
defer func() {
if r := recover(); r != nil {
panicked = true
}
}()
if err := tx.Commit(); err != nil {
t.Fatal(err)
}
}()
return nil
}); err != nil {
t.Fatal(err)
} else if !panicked {
t.Fatal("expected panic")
}
}
// Ensure a panic occurs while trying to rollback a managed transaction.
func TestDB_Update_ManualRollback(t *testing.T) {
db := MustOpenDB()
defer db.MustClose()
var panicked bool
if err := db.Update(func(tx *bolt.Tx) error {
func() {
defer func() {
if r := recover(); r != nil {
panicked = true
}
}()
if err := tx.Rollback(); err != nil {
t.Fatal(err)
}
}()
return nil
}); err != nil {
t.Fatal(err)
} else if !panicked {
t.Fatal("expected panic")
}
}
// Ensure a panic occurs while trying to commit a managed transaction.
func TestDB_View_ManualCommit(t *testing.T) {
db := MustOpenDB()
defer db.MustClose()
var panicked bool
if err := db.View(func(tx *bolt.Tx) error {
func() {
defer func() {
if r := recover(); r != nil {
panicked = true
}
}()
if err := tx.Commit(); err != nil {
t.Fatal(err)
}
}()
return nil
}); err != nil {
t.Fatal(err)
} else if !panicked {
t.Fatal("expected panic")
}
}
// Ensure a panic occurs while trying to rollback a managed transaction.
func TestDB_View_ManualRollback(t *testing.T) {
db := MustOpenDB()
defer db.MustClose()
var panicked bool
if err := db.View(func(tx *bolt.Tx) error {
func() {
defer func() {
if r := recover(); r != nil {
panicked = true
}
}()
if err := tx.Rollback(); err != nil {
t.Fatal(err)
}
}()
return nil
}); err != nil {
t.Fatal(err)
} else if !panicked {
t.Fatal("expected panic")
}
}
// Ensure a write transaction that panics does not hold open locks.
func TestDB_Update_Panic(t *testing.T) {
db := MustOpenDB()
defer db.MustClose()
// Panic during update but recover.
func() {
defer func() {
if r := recover(); r != nil {
t.Log("recover: update", r)
}
}()
if err := db.Update(func(tx *bolt.Tx) error {
if _, err := tx.CreateBucket([]byte("widgets")); err != nil {
t.Fatal(err)
}
panic("omg")
}); err != nil {
t.Fatal(err)
}
}()
// Verify we can update again.
if err := db.Update(func(tx *bolt.Tx) error {
if _, err := tx.CreateBucket([]byte("widgets")); err != nil {
t.Fatal(err)
}
return nil
}); err != nil {
t.Fatal(err)
}
// Verify that our change persisted.
if err := db.Update(func(tx *bolt.Tx) error {
if tx.Bucket([]byte("widgets")) == nil {
t.Fatal("expected bucket")
}
return nil
}); err != nil {
t.Fatal(err)
}
}
// Ensure a database can return an error through a read-only transactional block.
func TestDB_View_Error(t *testing.T) {
db := MustOpenDB()
defer db.MustClose()
if err := db.View(func(tx *bolt.Tx) error {
return errors.New("xxx")
}); err == nil || err.Error() != "xxx" {
t.Fatalf("unexpected error: %s", err)
}
}
// Ensure a read transaction that panics does not hold open locks.
func TestDB_View_Panic(t *testing.T) {
db := MustOpenDB()
defer db.MustClose()
if err := db.Update(func(tx *bolt.Tx) error {
if _, err := tx.CreateBucket([]byte("widgets")); err != nil {
t.Fatal(err)
}
return nil
}); err != nil {
t.Fatal(err)
}
// Panic during view transaction but recover.
func() {
defer func() {
if r := recover(); r != nil {
t.Log("recover: view", r)
}
}()
if err := db.View(func(tx *bolt.Tx) error {
if tx.Bucket([]byte("widgets")) == nil {
t.Fatal("expected bucket")
}
panic("omg")
}); err != nil {
t.Fatal(err)
}
}()
// Verify that we can still use read transactions.
if err := db.View(func(tx *bolt.Tx) error {
if tx.Bucket([]byte("widgets")) == nil {
t.Fatal("expected bucket")
}
return nil
}); err != nil {
t.Fatal(err)
}
}
// Ensure that DB stats can be returned.
func TestDB_Stats(t *testing.T) {
db := MustOpenDB()
defer db.MustClose()
if err := db.Update(func(tx *bolt.Tx) error {
_, err := tx.CreateBucket([]byte("widgets"))
return err
}); err != nil {
t.Fatal(err)
}
stats := db.Stats()
if stats.TxStats.PageCount != 2 {
t.Fatalf("unexpected TxStats.PageCount: %d", stats.TxStats.PageCount)
} else if stats.FreePageN != 0 {
t.Fatalf("unexpected FreePageN != 0: %d", stats.FreePageN)
} else if stats.PendingPageN != 2 {
t.Fatalf("unexpected PendingPageN != 2: %d", stats.PendingPageN)
}
}
// Ensure that database pages are in expected order and type.
func TestDB_Consistency(t *testing.T) {
db := MustOpenDB()
defer db.MustClose()
if err := db.Update(func(tx *bolt.Tx) error {
_, err := tx.CreateBucket([]byte("widgets"))
return err
}); err != nil {
t.Fatal(err)
}
for i := 0; i < 10; i++ {
if err := db.Update(func(tx *bolt.Tx) error {
if err := tx.Bucket([]byte("widgets")).Put([]byte("foo"), []byte("bar")); err != nil {
t.Fatal(err)
}
return nil
}); err != nil {
t.Fatal(err)
}
}
if err := db.Update(func(tx *bolt.Tx) error {
if p, _ := tx.Page(0); p == nil {
t.Fatal("expected page")
} else if p.Type != "meta" {
t.Fatalf("unexpected page type: %s", p.Type)
}
if p, _ := tx.Page(1); p == nil {
t.Fatal("expected page")
} else if p.Type != "meta" {
t.Fatalf("unexpected page type: %s", p.Type)
}
if p, _ := tx.Page(2); p == nil {
t.Fatal("expected page")
} else if p.Type != "free" {
t.Fatalf("unexpected page type: %s", p.Type)
}
if p, _ := tx.Page(3); p == nil {
t.Fatal("expected page")
} else if p.Type != "free" {
t.Fatalf("unexpected page type: %s", p.Type)
}
if p, _ := tx.Page(4); p == nil {
t.Fatal("expected page")
} else if p.Type != "leaf" {
t.Fatalf("unexpected page type: %s", p.Type)
}
if p, _ := tx.Page(5); p == nil {
t.Fatal("expected page")
} else if p.Type != "freelist" {
t.Fatalf("unexpected page type: %s", p.Type)
}
if p, _ := tx.Page(6); p != nil {
t.Fatal("unexpected page")
}
return nil
}); err != nil {
t.Fatal(err)
}
}
// Ensure that DB stats can be subtracted from one another.
func TestDBStats_Sub(t *testing.T) {
var a, b bolt.Stats
a.TxStats.PageCount = 3
a.FreePageN = 4
b.TxStats.PageCount = 10
b.FreePageN = 14
diff := b.Sub(&a)
if diff.TxStats.PageCount != 7 {
t.Fatalf("unexpected TxStats.PageCount: %d", diff.TxStats.PageCount)
}
// free page stats are copied from the receiver and not subtracted
if diff.FreePageN != 14 {
t.Fatalf("unexpected FreePageN: %d", diff.FreePageN)
}
}
// Ensure two functions can perform updates in a single batch.
func TestDB_Batch(t *testing.T) {
db := MustOpenDB()
defer db.MustClose()
if err := db.Update(func(tx *bolt.Tx) error {
if _, err := tx.CreateBucket([]byte("widgets")); err != nil {
t.Fatal(err)
}
return nil
}); err != nil {
t.Fatal(err)
}
// Iterate over multiple updates in separate goroutines.
n := 2
ch := make(chan error)
for i := 0; i < n; i++ {
go func(i int) {
ch <- db.Batch(func(tx *bolt.Tx) error {
return tx.Bucket([]byte("widgets")).Put(u64tob(uint64(i)), []byte{})
})
}(i)
}
// Check all responses to make sure there's no error.
for i := 0; i < n; i++ {
if err := <-ch; err != nil {
t.Fatal(err)
}
}
// Ensure data is correct.
if err := db.View(func(tx *bolt.Tx) error {
b := tx.Bucket([]byte("widgets"))
for i := 0; i < n; i++ {
if v := b.Get(u64tob(uint64(i))); v == nil {
t.Errorf("key not found: %d", i)
}
}
return nil
}); err != nil {
t.Fatal(err)
}
}
func TestDB_Batch_Panic(t *testing.T) {
db := MustOpenDB()
defer db.MustClose()
var sentinel int
var bork = &sentinel
var problem interface{}
var err error
// Execute a function inside a batch that panics.
func() {
defer func() {
if p := recover(); p != nil {
problem = p
}
}()
err = db.Batch(func(tx *bolt.Tx) error {
panic(bork)
})
}()
// Verify there is no error.
if g, e := err, error(nil); g != e {
t.Fatalf("wrong error: %v != %v", g, e)
}
// Verify the panic was captured.
if g, e := problem, bork; g != e {
t.Fatalf("wrong error: %v != %v", g, e)
}
}
func TestDB_BatchFull(t *testing.T) {
db := MustOpenDB()
defer db.MustClose()
if err := db.Update(func(tx *bolt.Tx) error {
_, err := tx.CreateBucket([]byte("widgets"))
return err
}); err != nil {
t.Fatal(err)
}
const size = 3
// buffered so we never leak goroutines
ch := make(chan error, size)
put := func(i int) {
ch <- db.Batch(func(tx *bolt.Tx) error {
return tx.Bucket([]byte("widgets")).Put(u64tob(uint64(i)), []byte{})
})
}
db.MaxBatchSize = size
// high enough to never trigger here
db.MaxBatchDelay = 1 * time.Hour
go put(1)
go put(2)
// Give the batch a chance to exhibit bugs.
time.Sleep(10 * time.Millisecond)
// not triggered yet
select {
case <-ch:
t.Fatalf("batch triggered too early")
default:
}
go put(3)
// Check all responses to make sure there's no error.
for i := 0; i < size; i++ {
if err := <-ch; err != nil {
t.Fatal(err)
}
}
// Ensure data is correct.
if err := db.View(func(tx *bolt.Tx) error {
b := tx.Bucket([]byte("widgets"))
for i := 1; i <= size; i++ {
if v := b.Get(u64tob(uint64(i))); v == nil {
t.Errorf("key not found: %d", i)
}
}
return nil
}); err != nil {
t.Fatal(err)
}
}
func TestDB_BatchTime(t *testing.T) {
db := MustOpenDB()
defer db.MustClose()
if err := db.Update(func(tx *bolt.Tx) error {
_, err := tx.CreateBucket([]byte("widgets"))
return err
}); err != nil {
t.Fatal(err)
}
const size = 1
// buffered so we never leak goroutines
ch := make(chan error, size)
put := func(i int) {
ch <- db.Batch(func(tx *bolt.Tx) error {
return tx.Bucket([]byte("widgets")).Put(u64tob(uint64(i)), []byte{})
})
}
db.MaxBatchSize = 1000
db.MaxBatchDelay = 0
go put(1)
// Batch must trigger by time alone.
// Check all responses to make sure there's no error.
for i := 0; i < size; i++ {
if err := <-ch; err != nil {
t.Fatal(err)
}
}
// Ensure data is correct.
if err := db.View(func(tx *bolt.Tx) error {
b := tx.Bucket([]byte("widgets"))
for i := 1; i <= size; i++ {
if v := b.Get(u64tob(uint64(i))); v == nil {
t.Errorf("key not found: %d", i)
}
}
return nil
}); err != nil {
t.Fatal(err)
}
}
func ExampleDB_Update() {
// Open the database.
db, err := bolt.Open(tempfile(), 0666, nil)
if err != nil {
log.Fatal(err)
}
defer os.Remove(db.Path())
// Execute several commands within a read-write transaction.
if err := db.Update(func(tx *bolt.Tx) error {
b, err := tx.CreateBucket([]byte("widgets"))
if err != nil {
return err
}
if err := b.Put([]byte("foo"), []byte("bar")); err != nil {
return err
}
return nil
}); err != nil {
log.Fatal(err)
}
// Read the value back from a separate read-only transaction.
if err := db.View(func(tx *bolt.Tx) error {
value := tx.Bucket([]byte("widgets")).Get([]byte("foo"))
fmt.Printf("The value of 'foo' is: %s\n", value)
return nil
}); err != nil {
log.Fatal(err)
}
// Close database to release the file lock.
if err := db.Close(); err != nil {
log.Fatal(err)
}
// Output:
// The value of 'foo' is: bar
}
func ExampleDB_View() {
// Open the database.
db, err := bolt.Open(tempfile(), 0666, nil)
if err != nil {
log.Fatal(err)
}
defer os.Remove(db.Path())
// Insert data into a bucket.
if err := db.Update(func(tx *bolt.Tx) error {
b, err := tx.CreateBucket([]byte("people"))
if err != nil {
return err
}
if err := b.Put([]byte("john"), []byte("doe")); err != nil {
return err
}
if err := b.Put([]byte("susy"), []byte("que")); err != nil {
return err
}
return nil
}); err != nil {
log.Fatal(err)
}
// Access data from within a read-only transactional block.
if err := db.View(func(tx *bolt.Tx) error {
v := tx.Bucket([]byte("people")).Get([]byte("john"))
fmt.Printf("John's last name is %s.\n", v)
return nil
}); err != nil {
log.Fatal(err)
}
// Close database to release the file lock.
if err := db.Close(); err != nil {
log.Fatal(err)
}
// Output:
// John's last name is doe.
}
func ExampleDB_Begin_ReadOnly() {
// Open the database.
db, err := bolt.Open(tempfile(), 0666, nil)
if err != nil {
log.Fatal(err)
}
defer os.Remove(db.Path())
// Create a bucket using a read-write transaction.
if err := db.Update(func(tx *bolt.Tx) error {
_, err := tx.CreateBucket([]byte("widgets"))
return err
}); err != nil {
log.Fatal(err)
}
// Create several keys in a transaction.
tx, err := db.Begin(true)
if err != nil {
log.Fatal(err)
}
b := tx.Bucket([]byte("widgets"))
if err := b.Put([]byte("john"), []byte("blue")); err != nil {
log.Fatal(err)
}
if err := b.Put([]byte("abby"), []byte("red")); err != nil {
log.Fatal(err)
}
if err := b.Put([]byte("zephyr"), []byte("purple")); err != nil {
log.Fatal(err)
}
if err := tx.Commit(); err != nil {
log.Fatal(err)
}
// Iterate over the values in sorted key order.
tx, err = db.Begin(false)
if err != nil {
log.Fatal(err)
}
c := tx.Bucket([]byte("widgets")).Cursor()
for k, v := c.First(); k != nil; k, v = c.Next() {
fmt.Printf("%s likes %s\n", k, v)
}
if err := tx.Rollback(); err != nil {
log.Fatal(err)
}
if err := db.Close(); err != nil {
log.Fatal(err)
}
// Output:
// abby likes red
// john likes blue
// zephyr likes purple
}
func BenchmarkDBBatchAutomatic(b *testing.B) {
db := MustOpenDB()
defer db.MustClose()
if err := db.Update(func(tx *bolt.Tx) error {
_, err := tx.CreateBucket([]byte("bench"))
return err
}); err != nil {
b.Fatal(err)
}
b.ResetTimer()
for i := 0; i < b.N; i++ {
start := make(chan struct{})
var wg sync.WaitGroup
for round := 0; round < 1000; round++ {
wg.Add(1)
go func(id uint32) {
defer wg.Done()
<-start
h := fnv.New32a()
buf := make([]byte, 4)
binary.LittleEndian.PutUint32(buf, id)
_, _ = h.Write(buf[:])
k := h.Sum(nil)
insert := func(tx *bolt.Tx) error {
b := tx.Bucket([]byte("bench"))
return b.Put(k, []byte("filler"))
}
if err := db.Batch(insert); err != nil {
b.Error(err)
return
}
}(uint32(round))
}
close(start)
wg.Wait()
}
b.StopTimer()
validateBatchBench(b, db)
}
func BenchmarkDBBatchSingle(b *testing.B) {
db := MustOpenDB()
defer db.MustClose()
if err := db.Update(func(tx *bolt.Tx) error {
_, err := tx.CreateBucket([]byte("bench"))
return err
}); err != nil {
b.Fatal(err)
}
b.ResetTimer()
for i := 0; i < b.N; i++ {
start := make(chan struct{})
var wg sync.WaitGroup
for round := 0; round < 1000; round++ {
wg.Add(1)
go func(id uint32) {
defer wg.Done()
<-start
h := fnv.New32a()
buf := make([]byte, 4)
binary.LittleEndian.PutUint32(buf, id)
_, _ = h.Write(buf[:])
k := h.Sum(nil)
insert := func(tx *bolt.Tx) error {
b := tx.Bucket([]byte("bench"))
return b.Put(k, []byte("filler"))
}
if err := db.Update(insert); err != nil {
b.Error(err)
return
}
}(uint32(round))
}
close(start)
wg.Wait()
}
b.StopTimer()
validateBatchBench(b, db)
}
func BenchmarkDBBatchManual10x100(b *testing.B) {
db := MustOpenDB()
defer db.MustClose()
if err := db.Update(func(tx *bolt.Tx) error {
_, err := tx.CreateBucket([]byte("bench"))
return err
}); err != nil {
b.Fatal(err)
}
b.ResetTimer()
for i := 0; i < b.N; i++ {
start := make(chan struct{})
var wg sync.WaitGroup
for major := 0; major < 10; major++ {
wg.Add(1)
go func(id uint32) {
defer wg.Done()
<-start
insert100 := func(tx *bolt.Tx) error {
h := fnv.New32a()
buf := make([]byte, 4)
for minor := uint32(0); minor < 100; minor++ {
binary.LittleEndian.PutUint32(buf, uint32(id*100+minor))
h.Reset()
_, _ = h.Write(buf[:])
k := h.Sum(nil)
b := tx.Bucket([]byte("bench"))
if err := b.Put(k, []byte("filler")); err != nil {
return err
}
}
return nil
}
if err := db.Update(insert100); err != nil {
b.Fatal(err)
}
}(uint32(major))
}
close(start)
wg.Wait()
}
b.StopTimer()
validateBatchBench(b, db)
}
func validateBatchBench(b *testing.B, db *DB) {
var rollback = errors.New("sentinel error to cause rollback")
validate := func(tx *bolt.Tx) error {
bucket := tx.Bucket([]byte("bench"))
h := fnv.New32a()
buf := make([]byte, 4)
for id := uint32(0); id < 1000; id++ {
binary.LittleEndian.PutUint32(buf, id)
h.Reset()
_, _ = h.Write(buf[:])
k := h.Sum(nil)
v := bucket.Get(k)
if v == nil {
b.Errorf("not found id=%d key=%x", id, k)
continue
}
if g, e := v, []byte("filler"); !bytes.Equal(g, e) {
b.Errorf("bad value for id=%d key=%x: %s != %q", id, k, g, e)
}
if err := bucket.Delete(k); err != nil {
return err
}
}
// should be empty now
c := bucket.Cursor()
for k, v := c.First(); k != nil; k, v = c.Next() {
b.Errorf("unexpected key: %x = %q", k, v)
}
return rollback
}
if err := db.Update(validate); err != nil && err != rollback {
b.Error(err)
}
}
// DB is a test wrapper for bolt.DB.
type DB struct {
*bolt.DB
}
// MustOpenDB returns a new, open DB at a temporary location.
func MustOpenDB() *DB {
db, err := bolt.Open(tempfile(), 0666, nil)
if err != nil {
panic(err)
}
return &DB{db}
}
// Close closes the database and deletes the underlying file.
func (db *DB) Close() error {
// Log statistics.
if *statsFlag {
db.PrintStats()
}
// Check database consistency after every test.
db.MustCheck()
// Close database and remove file.
defer os.Remove(db.Path())
return db.DB.Close()
}
// MustClose closes the database and deletes the underlying file. Panic on error.
func (db *DB) MustClose() {
if err := db.Close(); err != nil {
panic(err)
}
}
// PrintStats prints the database stats
func (db *DB) PrintStats() {
var stats = db.Stats()
fmt.Printf("[db] %-20s %-20s %-20s\n",
fmt.Sprintf("pg(%d/%d)", stats.TxStats.PageCount, stats.TxStats.PageAlloc),
fmt.Sprintf("cur(%d)", stats.TxStats.CursorCount),
fmt.Sprintf("node(%d/%d)", stats.TxStats.NodeCount, stats.TxStats.NodeDeref),
)
fmt.Printf(" %-20s %-20s %-20s\n",
fmt.Sprintf("rebal(%d/%v)", stats.TxStats.Rebalance, truncDuration(stats.TxStats.RebalanceTime)),
fmt.Sprintf("spill(%d/%v)", stats.TxStats.Spill, truncDuration(stats.TxStats.SpillTime)),
fmt.Sprintf("w(%d/%v)", stats.TxStats.Write, truncDuration(stats.TxStats.WriteTime)),
)
}
// MustCheck runs a consistency check on the database and panics if any errors are found.
func (db *DB) MustCheck() {
if err := db.Update(func(tx *bolt.Tx) error {
// Collect all the errors.
var errors []error
for err := range tx.Check() {
errors = append(errors, err)
if len(errors) > 10 {
break
}
}
// If errors occurred, copy the DB and print the errors.
if len(errors) > 0 {
var path = tempfile()
if err := tx.CopyFile(path, 0600); err != nil {
panic(err)
}
// Print errors.
fmt.Print("\n\n")
fmt.Printf("consistency check failed (%d errors)\n", len(errors))
for _, err := range errors {
fmt.Println(err)
}
fmt.Println("")
fmt.Println("db saved to:")
fmt.Println(path)
fmt.Print("\n\n")
os.Exit(-1)
}
return nil
}); err != nil && err != bolt.ErrDatabaseNotOpen {
panic(err)
}
}
// CopyTempFile copies a database to a temporary file.
func (db *DB) CopyTempFile() {
path := tempfile()
if err := db.View(func(tx *bolt.Tx) error {
return tx.CopyFile(path, 0600)
}); err != nil {
panic(err)
}
fmt.Println("db copied to: ", path)
}
// tempfile returns a temporary file path.
func tempfile() string {
f, err := ioutil.TempFile("", "bolt-")
if err != nil {
panic(err)
}
if err := f.Close(); err != nil {
panic(err)
}
if err := os.Remove(f.Name()); err != nil {
panic(err)
}
return f.Name()
}
// mustContainKeys checks that a bucket contains a given set of keys.
func mustContainKeys(b *bolt.Bucket, m map[string]string) {
found := make(map[string]string)
if err := b.ForEach(func(k, _ []byte) error {
found[string(k)] = ""
return nil
}); err != nil {
panic(err)
}
// Check for keys found in bucket that shouldn't be there.
var keys []string
for k, _ := range found {
if _, ok := m[string(k)]; !ok {
keys = append(keys, k)
}
}
if len(keys) > 0 {
sort.Strings(keys)
panic(fmt.Sprintf("keys found(%d): %s", len(keys), strings.Join(keys, ",")))
}
// Check for keys not found in bucket that should be there.
for k, _ := range m {
if _, ok := found[string(k)]; !ok {
keys = append(keys, k)
}
}
if len(keys) > 0 {
sort.Strings(keys)
panic(fmt.Sprintf("keys not found(%d): %s", len(keys), strings.Join(keys, ",")))
}
}
func trunc(b []byte, length int) []byte {
if length < len(b) {
return b[:length]
}
return b
}
func truncDuration(d time.Duration) string {
return regexp.MustCompile(`^(\d+)(\.\d+)`).ReplaceAllString(d.String(), "$1")
}
func fileSize(path string) int64 {
fi, err := os.Stat(path)
if err != nil {
return 0
}
return fi.Size()
}
func warn(v ...interface{}) { fmt.Fprintln(os.Stderr, v...) }
func warnf(msg string, v ...interface{}) { fmt.Fprintf(os.Stderr, msg+"\n", v...) }
// u64tob converts a uint64 into an 8-byte slice.
func u64tob(v uint64) []byte {
b := make([]byte, 8)
binary.BigEndian.PutUint64(b, v)
return b
}
// btou64 converts an 8-byte slice into an uint64.
func btou64(b []byte) uint64 { return binary.BigEndian.Uint64(b) }