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imagequant/libimagequant.c

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/*
** © 2009-2016 by Kornel Lesiński.
**
** This file is part of libimagequant.
**
** libimagequant is free software: you can redistribute it and/or modify
** it under the terms of the GNU General Public License as published by
** the Free Software Foundation, either version 3 of the License, or
** (at your option) any later version.
**
** libimagequant is distributed in the hope that it will be useful,
** but WITHOUT ANY WARRANTY; without even the implied warranty of
** MERCHANTABILITY or FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE. See the
** GNU General Public License for more details.
**
** You should have received a copy of the GNU General Public License
** along with libimagequant. If not, see <http://www.gnu.org/licenses/>.
*/
/* Copyright (C) 1989, 1991 by Jef Poskanzer.
** Copyright (C) 1997, 2000, 2002 by Greg Roelofs; based on an idea by
** Stefan Schneider.
**
** Permission to use, copy, modify, and distribute this software and its
** documentation for any purpose and without fee is hereby granted, provided
** that the above copyright notice appear in all copies and that both that
** copyright notice and this permission notice appear in supporting
** documentation. This software is provided "as is" without express or
** implied warranty.
*/
#include <stdio.h>
#include <stdlib.h>
#include <string.h>
#include <stdarg.h>
#include <stdbool.h>
#include <stdint.h>
#include <limits.h>
#if !(defined(__STDC_VERSION__) && __STDC_VERSION__ >= 199900L) && !(defined(_MSC_VER) && _MSC_VER >= 1800)
#error "This program requires C99, e.g. -std=c99 switch in GCC or it requires MSVC 18.0 or higher."
#error "Ignore torrent of syntax errors that may follow. It's only because compiler is set to use too old C version."
#endif
#ifdef _OPENMP
#include <omp.h>
#else
#define omp_get_max_threads() 1
#define omp_get_thread_num() 0
#endif
#include "libimagequant.h"
#include "pam.h"
#include "mediancut.h"
#include "nearest.h"
#include "blur.h"
#include "viter.h"
#define LIQ_HIGH_MEMORY_LIMIT (1<<26) /* avoid allocating buffers larger than 64MB */
// each structure has a pointer as a unique identifier that allows type checking at run time
static const char liq_attr_magic[] = "liq_attr";
static const char liq_image_magic[] = "liq_image";
static const char liq_result_magic[] = "liq_result";
static const char liq_histogram_magic[] = "liq_histogram";
static const char liq_remapping_result_magic[] = "liq_remapping_result";
static const char liq_freed_magic[] = "free";
#define CHECK_STRUCT_TYPE(attr, kind) liq_crash_if_invalid_handle_pointer_given((const liq_attr*)attr, kind ## _magic)
#define CHECK_USER_POINTER(ptr) liq_crash_if_invalid_pointer_given(ptr)
struct liq_attr {
const char *magic_header;
void* (*malloc)(size_t);
void (*free)(void*);
double target_mse, max_mse, voronoi_iteration_limit;
float min_opaque_val;
unsigned int max_colors, max_histogram_entries;
unsigned int min_posterization_output /* user setting */, min_posterization_input /* speed setting */;
unsigned int voronoi_iterations, feedback_loop_trials;
bool last_index_transparent, use_contrast_maps, use_dither_map, fast_palette;
unsigned char speed;
unsigned char progress_stage1, progress_stage2, progress_stage3;
liq_progress_callback_function *progress_callback;
void *progress_callback_user_info;
liq_log_callback_function *log_callback;
void *log_callback_user_info;
liq_log_flush_callback_function *log_flush_callback;
void *log_flush_callback_user_info;
};
struct liq_image {
const char *magic_header;
void* (*malloc)(size_t);
void (*free)(void*);
f_pixel *f_pixels;
rgba_pixel **rows;
double gamma;
unsigned int width, height;
unsigned char *noise, *edges, *dither_map;
rgba_pixel *pixels, *temp_row;
f_pixel *temp_f_row;
liq_image_get_rgba_row_callback *row_callback;
void *row_callback_user_info;
float min_opaque_val;
f_pixel fixed_colors[256];
unsigned short fixed_colors_count;
bool free_pixels, free_rows, free_rows_internal;
};
typedef struct liq_remapping_result {
const char *magic_header;
void* (*malloc)(size_t);
void (*free)(void*);
unsigned char *pixels;
colormap *palette;
liq_progress_callback_function *progress_callback;
void *progress_callback_user_info;
liq_palette int_palette;
double gamma, palette_error;
float dither_level;
bool use_dither_map; unsigned char progress_stage1;
} liq_remapping_result;
struct liq_result {
const char *magic_header;
void* (*malloc)(size_t);
void (*free)(void*);
liq_remapping_result *remapping;
colormap *palette;
liq_progress_callback_function *progress_callback;
void *progress_callback_user_info;
liq_palette int_palette;
float dither_level;
double gamma, palette_error;
int min_posterization_output;
bool use_dither_map, fast_palette;
};
struct liq_histogram {
const char *magic_header;
void* (*malloc)(size_t);
void (*free)(void*);
struct acolorhash_table *acht;
double gamma;
f_pixel fixed_colors[256];
unsigned short fixed_colors_count;
unsigned short ignorebits;
bool had_image_added;
};
static void modify_alpha(liq_image *input_image, rgba_pixel *const row_pixels) LIQ_NONNULL;
static void contrast_maps(liq_image *image) LIQ_NONNULL;
static liq_error finalize_histogram(liq_histogram *input_hist, liq_attr *options, histogram **hist_output) LIQ_NONNULL;
static const rgba_pixel *liq_image_get_row_rgba(liq_image *input_image, unsigned int row) LIQ_NONNULL;
static const f_pixel *liq_image_get_row_f(liq_image *input_image, unsigned int row) LIQ_NONNULL;
static void liq_remapping_result_destroy(liq_remapping_result *result) LIQ_NONNULL;
static liq_error pngquant_quantize(histogram *hist, const liq_attr *options, const int fixed_colors_count, const f_pixel fixed_colors[], const double gamma, bool fixed_result_colors, liq_result **) LIQ_NONNULL;
static liq_error liq_histogram_quantize_internal(liq_histogram *input_hist, liq_attr *attr, bool fixed_result_colors, liq_result **result_output) LIQ_NONNULL;
LIQ_NONNULL static void liq_verbose_printf(const liq_attr *context, const char *fmt, ...)
{
if (context->log_callback) {
va_list va;
va_start(va, fmt);
int required_space = vsnprintf(NULL, 0, fmt, va)+1; // +\0
va_end(va);
char buf[required_space];
va_start(va, fmt);
vsnprintf(buf, required_space, fmt, va);
va_end(va);
context->log_callback(context, buf, context->log_callback_user_info);
}
}
LIQ_NONNULL inline static void verbose_print(const liq_attr *attr, const char *msg)
{
if (attr->log_callback) {
attr->log_callback(attr, msg, attr->log_callback_user_info);
}
}
LIQ_NONNULL static void liq_verbose_printf_flush(liq_attr *attr)
{
if (attr->log_flush_callback) {
attr->log_flush_callback(attr, attr->log_flush_callback_user_info);
}
}
LIQ_NONNULL static bool liq_progress(const liq_attr *attr, const float percent)
{
return attr->progress_callback && !attr->progress_callback(percent, attr->progress_callback_user_info);
}
LIQ_NONNULL static bool liq_remap_progress(const liq_remapping_result *quant, const float percent)
{
return quant->progress_callback && !quant->progress_callback(percent, quant->progress_callback_user_info);
}
#if USE_SSE
inline static bool is_sse_available()
{
#if (defined(__x86_64__) || defined(__amd64))
return true;
#else
int a,b,c,d;
cpuid(1, a, b, c, d);
return d & (1<<25); // edx bit 25 is set when SSE is present
#endif
}
#endif
/* make it clear in backtrace when user-supplied handle points to invalid memory */
NEVER_INLINE LIQ_EXPORT bool liq_crash_if_invalid_handle_pointer_given(const liq_attr *user_supplied_pointer, const char *const expected_magic_header);
LIQ_EXPORT bool liq_crash_if_invalid_handle_pointer_given(const liq_attr *user_supplied_pointer, const char *const expected_magic_header)
{
if (!user_supplied_pointer) {
return false;
}
if (user_supplied_pointer->magic_header == liq_freed_magic) {
fprintf(stderr, "%s used after being freed", expected_magic_header);
// this is not normal error handling, this is programmer error that should crash the program.
// program cannot safely continue if memory has been used after it's been freed.
// abort() is nasty, but security vulnerability may be worse.
abort();
}
return user_supplied_pointer->magic_header == expected_magic_header;
}
NEVER_INLINE LIQ_EXPORT bool liq_crash_if_invalid_pointer_given(const void *pointer);
LIQ_EXPORT bool liq_crash_if_invalid_pointer_given(const void *pointer)
{
if (!pointer) {
return false;
}
// Force a read from the given (potentially invalid) memory location in order to check early whether this crashes the program or not.
// It doesn't matter what value is read, the code here is just to shut the compiler up about unused read.
char test_access = *((volatile char *)pointer);
return test_access || true;
}
LIQ_NONNULL static void liq_log_error(const liq_attr *attr, const char *msg)
{
if (!CHECK_STRUCT_TYPE(attr, liq_attr)) return;
liq_verbose_printf(attr, " error: %s", msg);
}
static double quality_to_mse(long quality)
{
if (quality == 0) {
return MAX_DIFF;
}
if (quality == 100) {
return 0;
}
// curve fudged to be roughly similar to quality of libjpeg
// except lowest 10 for really low number of colors
const double extra_low_quality_fudge = MAX(0,0.016/(0.001+quality) - 0.001);
return extra_low_quality_fudge + 2.5/pow(210.0 + quality, 1.2) * (100.1-quality)/100.0;
}
static unsigned int mse_to_quality(double mse)
{
for(int i=100; i > 0; i--) {
if (mse <= quality_to_mse(i) + 0.000001) { // + epsilon for floating point errors
return i;
}
}
return 0;
}
/** internally MSE is a sum of all channels with pixels 0..1 range,
but other software gives per-RGB-channel MSE for 0..255 range */
static double mse_to_standard_mse(double mse) {
return mse * 65536.0/6.0;
}
LIQ_EXPORT LIQ_NONNULL liq_error liq_set_quality(liq_attr* attr, int minimum, int target)
{
if (!CHECK_STRUCT_TYPE(attr, liq_attr)) return LIQ_INVALID_POINTER;
if (target < 0 || target > 100 || target < minimum || minimum < 0) return LIQ_VALUE_OUT_OF_RANGE;
attr->target_mse = quality_to_mse(target);
attr->max_mse = quality_to_mse(minimum);
return LIQ_OK;
}
LIQ_EXPORT LIQ_NONNULL int liq_get_min_quality(const liq_attr *attr)
{
if (!CHECK_STRUCT_TYPE(attr, liq_attr)) return -1;
return mse_to_quality(attr->max_mse);
}
LIQ_EXPORT LIQ_NONNULL int liq_get_max_quality(const liq_attr *attr)
{
if (!CHECK_STRUCT_TYPE(attr, liq_attr)) return -1;
return mse_to_quality(attr->target_mse);
}
LIQ_EXPORT LIQ_NONNULL liq_error liq_set_max_colors(liq_attr* attr, int colors)
{
if (!CHECK_STRUCT_TYPE(attr, liq_attr)) return LIQ_INVALID_POINTER;
if (colors < 2 || colors > 256) return LIQ_VALUE_OUT_OF_RANGE;
attr->max_colors = colors;
return LIQ_OK;
}
LIQ_EXPORT LIQ_NONNULL int liq_get_max_colors(const liq_attr *attr)
{
if (!CHECK_STRUCT_TYPE(attr, liq_attr)) return -1;
return attr->max_colors;
}
LIQ_EXPORT LIQ_NONNULL liq_error liq_set_min_posterization(liq_attr *attr, int bits)
{
if (!CHECK_STRUCT_TYPE(attr, liq_attr)) return LIQ_INVALID_POINTER;
if (bits < 0 || bits > 4) return LIQ_VALUE_OUT_OF_RANGE;
attr->min_posterization_output = bits;
return LIQ_OK;
}
LIQ_EXPORT LIQ_NONNULL int liq_get_min_posterization(const liq_attr *attr)
{
if (!CHECK_STRUCT_TYPE(attr, liq_attr)) return -1;
return attr->min_posterization_output;
}
LIQ_EXPORT LIQ_NONNULL liq_error liq_set_speed(liq_attr* attr, int speed)
{
if (!CHECK_STRUCT_TYPE(attr, liq_attr)) return LIQ_INVALID_POINTER;
if (speed < 1 || speed > 10) return LIQ_VALUE_OUT_OF_RANGE;
unsigned int iterations = MAX(8-speed, 0); iterations += iterations * iterations/2;
attr->voronoi_iterations = iterations;
attr->voronoi_iteration_limit = 1.0/(double)(1<<(23-speed));
attr->feedback_loop_trials = MAX(56-9*speed, 0);
attr->max_histogram_entries = (1<<17) + (1<<18)*(10-speed);
attr->min_posterization_input = (speed >= 8) ? 1 : 0;
attr->fast_palette = (speed >= 7);
attr->use_dither_map = (speed <= (omp_get_max_threads() > 1 ? 7 : 5)); // parallelized dither map might speed up floyd remapping
attr->use_contrast_maps = (speed <= 7) || attr->use_dither_map;
attr->speed = speed;
attr->progress_stage1 = attr->use_contrast_maps ? 20 : 8;
if (attr->feedback_loop_trials < 2) attr->progress_stage1 += 30;
attr->progress_stage3 = 50 / (1+speed);
attr->progress_stage2 = 100 - attr->progress_stage1 - attr->progress_stage3;
return LIQ_OK;
}
LIQ_EXPORT LIQ_NONNULL int liq_get_speed(const liq_attr *attr)
{
if (!CHECK_STRUCT_TYPE(attr, liq_attr)) return -1;
return attr->speed;
}
LIQ_EXPORT LIQ_NONNULL liq_error liq_set_output_gamma(liq_result* res, double gamma)
{
if (!CHECK_STRUCT_TYPE(res, liq_result)) return LIQ_INVALID_POINTER;
if (gamma <= 0 || gamma >= 1.0) return LIQ_VALUE_OUT_OF_RANGE;
if (res->remapping) {
liq_remapping_result_destroy(res->remapping);
res->remapping = NULL;
}
res->gamma = gamma;
return LIQ_OK;
}
LIQ_EXPORT LIQ_NONNULL liq_error liq_set_min_opacity(liq_attr* attr, int min)
{
if (!CHECK_STRUCT_TYPE(attr, liq_attr)) return LIQ_INVALID_POINTER;
if (min < 0 || min > 255) return LIQ_VALUE_OUT_OF_RANGE;
attr->min_opaque_val = (double)min/255.0;
return LIQ_OK;
}
LIQ_EXPORT LIQ_NONNULL int liq_get_min_opacity(const liq_attr *attr)
{
if (!CHECK_STRUCT_TYPE(attr, liq_attr)) return -1;
return MIN(255, 256.0 * attr->min_opaque_val);
}
LIQ_EXPORT LIQ_NONNULL void liq_set_last_index_transparent(liq_attr* attr, int is_last)
{
if (!CHECK_STRUCT_TYPE(attr, liq_attr)) return;
attr->last_index_transparent = !!is_last;
}
LIQ_EXPORT void liq_attr_set_progress_callback(liq_attr *attr, liq_progress_callback_function *callback, void *user_info)
{
if (!CHECK_STRUCT_TYPE(attr, liq_attr)) return;
attr->progress_callback = callback;
attr->progress_callback_user_info = user_info;
}
LIQ_EXPORT void liq_result_set_progress_callback(liq_result *result, liq_progress_callback_function *callback, void *user_info)
{
if (!CHECK_STRUCT_TYPE(result, liq_result)) return;
result->progress_callback = callback;
result->progress_callback_user_info = user_info;
}
LIQ_EXPORT void liq_set_log_callback(liq_attr *attr, liq_log_callback_function *callback, void* user_info)
{
if (!CHECK_STRUCT_TYPE(attr, liq_attr)) return;
liq_verbose_printf_flush(attr);
attr->log_callback = callback;
attr->log_callback_user_info = user_info;
}
LIQ_EXPORT void liq_set_log_flush_callback(liq_attr *attr, liq_log_flush_callback_function *callback, void* user_info)
{
if (!CHECK_STRUCT_TYPE(attr, liq_attr)) return;
attr->log_flush_callback = callback;
attr->log_flush_callback_user_info = user_info;
}
LIQ_EXPORT liq_attr* liq_attr_create()
{
return liq_attr_create_with_allocator(NULL, NULL);
}
LIQ_EXPORT LIQ_NONNULL void liq_attr_destroy(liq_attr *attr)
{
if (!CHECK_STRUCT_TYPE(attr, liq_attr)) {
return;
}
liq_verbose_printf_flush(attr);
attr->magic_header = liq_freed_magic;
attr->free(attr);
}
LIQ_EXPORT LIQ_NONNULL liq_attr* liq_attr_copy(liq_attr *orig)
{
if (!CHECK_STRUCT_TYPE(orig, liq_attr)) {
return NULL;
}
liq_attr *attr = orig->malloc(sizeof(liq_attr));
if (!attr) return NULL;
*attr = *orig;
return attr;
}
static void *liq_aligned_malloc(size_t size)
{
unsigned char *ptr = malloc(size + 16);
if (!ptr) {
return NULL;
}
uintptr_t offset = 16 - ((uintptr_t)ptr & 15); // also reserves 1 byte for ptr[-1]
ptr += offset;
assert(0 == (((uintptr_t)ptr) & 15));
ptr[-1] = offset ^ 0x59; // store how much pointer was shifted to get the original for free()
return ptr;
}
LIQ_NONNULL static void liq_aligned_free(void *inptr)
{
unsigned char *ptr = inptr;
size_t offset = ptr[-1] ^ 0x59;
assert(offset > 0 && offset <= 16);
free(ptr - offset);
}
LIQ_EXPORT liq_attr* liq_attr_create_with_allocator(void* (*custom_malloc)(size_t), void (*custom_free)(void*))
{
#if USE_SSE
if (!is_sse_available()) {
return NULL;
}
#endif
if (!custom_malloc && !custom_free) {
custom_malloc = liq_aligned_malloc;
custom_free = liq_aligned_free;
} else if (!custom_malloc != !custom_free) {
return NULL; // either specify both or none
}
liq_attr *attr = custom_malloc(sizeof(liq_attr));
if (!attr) return NULL;
*attr = (liq_attr) {
.magic_header = liq_attr_magic,
.malloc = custom_malloc,
.free = custom_free,
.max_colors = 256,
.min_opaque_val = 1, // whether preserve opaque colors for IE (1.0=no, does not affect alpha)
.last_index_transparent = false, // puts transparent color at last index. This is workaround for blu-ray subtitles.
.target_mse = 0,
.max_mse = MAX_DIFF,
};
liq_set_speed(attr, 3);
return attr;
}
LIQ_EXPORT LIQ_NONNULL liq_error liq_image_add_fixed_color(liq_image *img, liq_color color)
{
if (!CHECK_STRUCT_TYPE(img, liq_image)) return LIQ_INVALID_POINTER;
if (img->fixed_colors_count > 255) return LIQ_BUFFER_TOO_SMALL;
float gamma_lut[256];
to_f_set_gamma(gamma_lut, img->gamma);
img->fixed_colors[img->fixed_colors_count++] = to_f(gamma_lut, (rgba_pixel){
.r = color.r,
.g = color.g,
.b = color.b,
.a = color.a,
});
return LIQ_OK;
}
LIQ_NONNULL static liq_error liq_histogram_add_fixed_color_internal(liq_histogram *hist, f_pixel color)
{
if (hist->fixed_colors_count > 255) return LIQ_BUFFER_TOO_SMALL;
hist->fixed_colors[hist->fixed_colors_count++] = color;
return LIQ_OK;
}
LIQ_NONNULL static bool liq_image_use_low_memory(liq_image *img)
{
img->temp_f_row = img->malloc(sizeof(img->f_pixels[0]) * img->width * omp_get_max_threads());
return img->temp_f_row != NULL;
}
LIQ_NONNULL static bool liq_image_should_use_low_memory(liq_image *img, const bool low_memory_hint)
{
return img->width * img->height > (low_memory_hint ? LIQ_HIGH_MEMORY_LIMIT/8 : LIQ_HIGH_MEMORY_LIMIT) / sizeof(f_pixel); // Watch out for integer overflow
}
static liq_image *liq_image_create_internal(const liq_attr *attr, rgba_pixel* rows[], liq_image_get_rgba_row_callback *row_callback, void *row_callback_user_info, int width, int height, double gamma)
{
if (gamma < 0 || gamma > 1.0) {
liq_log_error(attr, "gamma must be >= 0 and <= 1 (try 1/gamma instead)");
return NULL;
}
if (!rows && !row_callback) {
liq_log_error(attr, "missing row data");
return NULL;
}
liq_image *img = attr->malloc(sizeof(liq_image));
if (!img) return NULL;
*img = (liq_image){
.magic_header = liq_image_magic,
.malloc = attr->malloc,
.free = attr->free,
.width = width, .height = height,
.gamma = gamma ? gamma : 0.45455,
.rows = rows,
.row_callback = row_callback,
.row_callback_user_info = row_callback_user_info,
.min_opaque_val = attr->min_opaque_val,
};
if (!rows || attr->min_opaque_val < 1.f) {
img->temp_row = attr->malloc(sizeof(img->temp_row[0]) * width * omp_get_max_threads());
if (!img->temp_row) return NULL;
}
// if image is huge or converted pixels are not likely to be reused then don't cache converted pixels
if (liq_image_should_use_low_memory(img, !img->temp_row && !attr->use_contrast_maps && !attr->use_dither_map)) {
verbose_print(attr, " conserving memory");
if (!liq_image_use_low_memory(img)) return NULL;
}
if (img->min_opaque_val < 1.f) {
verbose_print(attr, " Working around IE6 bug by making image less transparent...");
}
return img;
}
LIQ_EXPORT LIQ_NONNULL liq_error liq_image_set_memory_ownership(liq_image *img, int ownership_flags)
{
if (!CHECK_STRUCT_TYPE(img, liq_image)) return LIQ_INVALID_POINTER;
if (!img->rows || !ownership_flags || (ownership_flags & ~(LIQ_OWN_ROWS|LIQ_OWN_PIXELS))) {
return LIQ_VALUE_OUT_OF_RANGE;
}
if (ownership_flags & LIQ_OWN_ROWS) {
if (img->free_rows_internal) return LIQ_VALUE_OUT_OF_RANGE;
img->free_rows = true;
}
if (ownership_flags & LIQ_OWN_PIXELS) {
img->free_pixels = true;
if (!img->pixels) {
// for simplicity of this API there's no explicit bitmap argument,
// so the row with the lowest address is assumed to be at the start of the bitmap
img->pixels = img->rows[0];
for(unsigned int i=1; i < img->height; i++) {
img->pixels = MIN(img->pixels, img->rows[i]);
}
}
}
return LIQ_OK;
}
LIQ_NONNULL static bool check_image_size(const liq_attr *attr, const int width, const int height)
{
if (!CHECK_STRUCT_TYPE(attr, liq_attr)) {
return false;
}
if (width <= 0 || height <= 0) {
liq_log_error(attr, "width and height must be > 0");
return false;
}
if (width > INT_MAX/sizeof(rgba_pixel)/height || width > INT_MAX/16/sizeof(f_pixel) || height > INT_MAX/sizeof(size_t)) {
liq_log_error(attr, "image too large");
return false;
}
return true;
}
LIQ_EXPORT liq_image *liq_image_create_custom(const liq_attr *attr, liq_image_get_rgba_row_callback *row_callback, void* user_info, int width, int height, double gamma)
{
if (!check_image_size(attr, width, height)) {
return NULL;
}
return liq_image_create_internal(attr, NULL, row_callback, user_info, width, height, gamma);
}
LIQ_EXPORT liq_image *liq_image_create_rgba_rows(const liq_attr *attr, void *const rows[], int width, int height, double gamma)
{
if (!check_image_size(attr, width, height)) {
return NULL;
}
for(int i=0; i < height; i++) {
if (!CHECK_USER_POINTER(rows+i) || !CHECK_USER_POINTER(rows[i])) {
liq_log_error(attr, "invalid row pointers");
return NULL;
}
}
return liq_image_create_internal(attr, (rgba_pixel**)rows, NULL, NULL, width, height, gamma);
}
LIQ_EXPORT LIQ_NONNULL liq_image *liq_image_create_rgba(const liq_attr *attr, const void* bitmap, int width, int height, double gamma)
{
if (!check_image_size(attr, width, height)) {
return NULL;
}
if (!CHECK_USER_POINTER(bitmap)) {
liq_log_error(attr, "invalid bitmap pointer");
return NULL;
}
rgba_pixel *const pixels = (rgba_pixel *const)bitmap;
rgba_pixel **rows = attr->malloc(sizeof(rows[0])*height);
if (!rows) return NULL;
for(int i=0; i < height; i++) {
rows[i] = pixels + width * i;
}
liq_image *image = liq_image_create_internal(attr, rows, NULL, NULL, width, height, gamma);
if (!image) {
attr->free(rows);
return NULL;
}
image->free_rows = true;
image->free_rows_internal = true;
return image;
}
NEVER_INLINE LIQ_EXPORT void liq_executing_user_callback(liq_image_get_rgba_row_callback *callback, liq_color *temp_row, int row, int width, void *user_info);
LIQ_EXPORT void liq_executing_user_callback(liq_image_get_rgba_row_callback *callback, liq_color *temp_row, int row, int width, void *user_info)
{
assert(callback);
assert(temp_row);
callback(temp_row, row, width, user_info);
}
LIQ_NONNULL inline static bool liq_image_has_rgba_pixels(const liq_image *img)
{
if (!CHECK_STRUCT_TYPE(img, liq_image)) {
return false;
}
return img->rows || (img->temp_row && img->row_callback);
}
LIQ_NONNULL inline static bool liq_image_can_use_rgba_rows(const liq_image *img)
{
assert(liq_image_has_rgba_pixels(img));
const bool iebug = img->min_opaque_val < 1.f;
return (img->rows && !iebug);
}
LIQ_NONNULL static const rgba_pixel *liq_image_get_row_rgba(liq_image *img, unsigned int row)
{
if (liq_image_can_use_rgba_rows(img)) {
return img->rows[row];
}
assert(img->temp_row);
rgba_pixel *temp_row = img->temp_row + img->width * omp_get_thread_num();
if (img->rows) {
memcpy(temp_row, img->rows[row], img->width * sizeof(temp_row[0]));
} else {
liq_executing_user_callback(img->row_callback, (liq_color*)temp_row, row, img->width, img->row_callback_user_info);
}
if (img->min_opaque_val < 1.f) modify_alpha(img, temp_row);
return temp_row;
}
LIQ_NONNULL static void convert_row_to_f(liq_image *img, f_pixel *row_f_pixels, const unsigned int row, const float gamma_lut[])
{
assert(row_f_pixels);
assert(!USE_SSE || 0 == ((uintptr_t)row_f_pixels & 15));
const rgba_pixel *const row_pixels = liq_image_get_row_rgba(img, row);
for(unsigned int col=0; col < img->width; col++) {
row_f_pixels[col] = to_f(gamma_lut, row_pixels[col]);
}
}
LIQ_NONNULL static const f_pixel *liq_image_get_row_f(liq_image *img, unsigned int row)
{
if (!img->f_pixels) {
if (img->temp_f_row) {
float gamma_lut[256];
to_f_set_gamma(gamma_lut, img->gamma);
f_pixel *row_for_thread = img->temp_f_row + img->width * omp_get_thread_num();
convert_row_to_f(img, row_for_thread, row, gamma_lut);
return row_for_thread;
}
assert(omp_get_thread_num() == 0);
if (!liq_image_should_use_low_memory(img, false)) {
img->f_pixels = img->malloc(sizeof(img->f_pixels[0]) * img->width * img->height);
}
if (!img->f_pixels) {
if (!liq_image_use_low_memory(img)) return NULL;
return liq_image_get_row_f(img, row);
}
float gamma_lut[256];
to_f_set_gamma(gamma_lut, img->gamma);
for(unsigned int i=0; i < img->height; i++) {
convert_row_to_f(img, &img->f_pixels[i*img->width], i, gamma_lut);
}
}
return img->f_pixels + img->width * row;
}
LIQ_EXPORT LIQ_NONNULL int liq_image_get_width(const liq_image *input_image)
{
if (!CHECK_STRUCT_TYPE(input_image, liq_image)) return -1;
return input_image->width;
}
LIQ_EXPORT LIQ_NONNULL int liq_image_get_height(const liq_image *input_image)
{
if (!CHECK_STRUCT_TYPE(input_image, liq_image)) return -1;
return input_image->height;
}
typedef void free_func(void*);
LIQ_NONNULL static free_func *get_default_free_func(liq_image *img)
{
// When default allocator is used then user-supplied pointers must be freed with free()
if (img->free_rows_internal || img->free != liq_aligned_free) {
return img->free;
}
return free;
}
LIQ_NONNULL static void liq_image_free_rgba_source(liq_image *input_image)
{
if (input_image->free_pixels && input_image->pixels) {
get_default_free_func(input_image)(input_image->pixels);
input_image->pixels = NULL;
}
if (input_image->free_rows && input_image->rows) {
get_default_free_func(input_image)(input_image->rows);
input_image->rows = NULL;
}
}
LIQ_EXPORT LIQ_NONNULL void liq_image_destroy(liq_image *input_image)
{
if (!CHECK_STRUCT_TYPE(input_image, liq_image)) return;
liq_image_free_rgba_source(input_image);
if (input_image->noise) {
input_image->free(input_image->noise);
}
if (input_image->edges) {
input_image->free(input_image->edges);
}
if (input_image->dither_map) {
input_image->free(input_image->dither_map);
}
if (input_image->f_pixels) {
input_image->free(input_image->f_pixels);
}
if (input_image->temp_row) {
input_image->free(input_image->temp_row);
}
if (input_image->temp_f_row) {
input_image->free(input_image->temp_f_row);
}
input_image->magic_header = liq_freed_magic;
input_image->free(input_image);
}
LIQ_EXPORT liq_histogram* liq_histogram_create(liq_attr* attr)
{
if (!CHECK_STRUCT_TYPE(attr, liq_attr)) {
return NULL;
}
liq_histogram *hist = attr->malloc(sizeof(liq_histogram));
if (!hist) return NULL;
*hist = (liq_histogram) {
.magic_header = liq_histogram_magic,
.malloc = attr->malloc,
.free = attr->free,
.ignorebits = MAX(attr->min_posterization_output, attr->min_posterization_input),
};
return hist;
}
LIQ_EXPORT LIQ_NONNULL void liq_histogram_destroy(liq_histogram *hist)
{
if (!CHECK_STRUCT_TYPE(hist, liq_histogram)) return;
hist->magic_header = liq_freed_magic;
pam_freeacolorhash(hist->acht);
hist->free(hist);
}
LIQ_EXPORT LIQ_NONNULL liq_result *liq_quantize_image(liq_attr *attr, liq_image *img)
{
liq_result *res;
if (LIQ_OK != liq_image_quantize(img, attr, &res)) {
return NULL;
}
return res;
}
LIQ_EXPORT LIQ_NONNULL liq_error liq_image_quantize(liq_image *const img, liq_attr *const attr, liq_result **result_output)
{
if (!CHECK_STRUCT_TYPE(attr, liq_attr)) return LIQ_INVALID_POINTER;
if (!liq_image_has_rgba_pixels(img)) {
return LIQ_INVALID_POINTER;
}
liq_histogram *hist = liq_histogram_create(attr);
if (!hist) {
return LIQ_OUT_OF_MEMORY;
}
liq_error err = liq_histogram_add_image(hist, attr, img);
if (LIQ_OK != err) {
return err;
}
err = liq_histogram_quantize_internal(hist, attr, false, result_output);
liq_histogram_destroy(hist);
return err;
}
LIQ_EXPORT LIQ_NONNULL liq_error liq_histogram_quantize(liq_histogram *input_hist, liq_attr *attr, liq_result **result_output) {
return liq_histogram_quantize_internal(input_hist, attr, true, result_output);
}
LIQ_NONNULL static liq_error liq_histogram_quantize_internal(liq_histogram *input_hist, liq_attr *attr, bool fixed_result_colors, liq_result **result_output)
{
if (!CHECK_USER_POINTER(result_output)) return LIQ_INVALID_POINTER;
*result_output = NULL;
if (!CHECK_STRUCT_TYPE(attr, liq_attr)) return LIQ_INVALID_POINTER;
if (!CHECK_STRUCT_TYPE(input_hist, liq_histogram)) return LIQ_INVALID_POINTER;
if (liq_progress(attr, 0)) return LIQ_ABORTED;
histogram *hist;
liq_error err = finalize_histogram(input_hist, attr, &hist);
if (err != LIQ_OK) {
return err;
}
err = pngquant_quantize(hist, attr, input_hist->fixed_colors_count, input_hist->fixed_colors, input_hist->gamma, fixed_result_colors, result_output);
pam_freeacolorhist(hist);
return err;
}
LIQ_EXPORT LIQ_NONNULL liq_error liq_set_dithering_level(liq_result *res, float dither_level)
{
if (!CHECK_STRUCT_TYPE(res, liq_result)) return LIQ_INVALID_POINTER;
if (res->remapping) {
liq_remapping_result_destroy(res->remapping);
res->remapping = NULL;
}
if (res->dither_level < 0 || res->dither_level > 1.0f) return LIQ_VALUE_OUT_OF_RANGE;
res->dither_level = dither_level;
return LIQ_OK;
}
LIQ_NONNULL static liq_remapping_result *liq_remapping_result_create(liq_result *result)
{
if (!CHECK_STRUCT_TYPE(result, liq_result)) {
return NULL;
}
liq_remapping_result *res = result->malloc(sizeof(liq_remapping_result));
if (!res) return NULL;
*res = (liq_remapping_result) {
.magic_header = liq_remapping_result_magic,
.malloc = result->malloc,
.free = result->free,
.dither_level = result->dither_level,
.use_dither_map = result->use_dither_map,
.palette_error = result->palette_error,
.gamma = result->gamma,
.palette = pam_duplicate_colormap(result->palette),
.progress_callback = result->progress_callback,
.progress_callback_user_info = result->progress_callback_user_info,
.progress_stage1 = result->use_dither_map ? 20 : 0,
};
return res;
}
LIQ_EXPORT LIQ_NONNULL double liq_get_output_gamma(const liq_result *result)
{
if (!CHECK_STRUCT_TYPE(result, liq_result)) return -1;
return result->gamma;
}
LIQ_NONNULL static void liq_remapping_result_destroy(liq_remapping_result *result)
{
if (!CHECK_STRUCT_TYPE(result, liq_remapping_result)) return;
if (result->palette) pam_freecolormap(result->palette);
if (result->pixels) result->free(result->pixels);
result->magic_header = liq_freed_magic;
result->free(result);
}
LIQ_EXPORT LIQ_NONNULL void liq_result_destroy(liq_result *res)
{
if (!CHECK_STRUCT_TYPE(res, liq_result)) return;
memset(&res->int_palette, 0, sizeof(liq_palette));
if (res->remapping) {
memset(&res->remapping->int_palette, 0, sizeof(liq_palette));
liq_remapping_result_destroy(res->remapping);
}
pam_freecolormap(res->palette);
res->magic_header = liq_freed_magic;
res->free(res);
}
LIQ_EXPORT LIQ_NONNULL double liq_get_quantization_error(liq_result *result) {
if (!CHECK_STRUCT_TYPE(result, liq_result)) return -1;
if (result->palette_error >= 0) {
return mse_to_standard_mse(result->palette_error);
}
return -1;
}
LIQ_EXPORT LIQ_NONNULL double liq_get_remapping_error(liq_result *result) {
if (!CHECK_STRUCT_TYPE(result, liq_result)) return -1;
if (result->remapping && result->remapping->palette_error >= 0) {
return mse_to_standard_mse(result->remapping->palette_error);
}
return -1;
}
LIQ_EXPORT LIQ_NONNULL int liq_get_quantization_quality(liq_result *result) {
if (!CHECK_STRUCT_TYPE(result, liq_result)) return -1;
if (result->palette_error >= 0) {
return mse_to_quality(result->palette_error);
}
return -1;
}
LIQ_EXPORT LIQ_NONNULL int liq_get_remapping_quality(liq_result *result) {
if (!CHECK_STRUCT_TYPE(result, liq_result)) return -1;
if (result->remapping && result->remapping->palette_error >= 0) {
return mse_to_quality(result->remapping->palette_error);
}
return -1;
}
LIQ_NONNULL static int compare_popularity(const void *ch1, const void *ch2)
{
const float v1 = ((const colormap_item*)ch1)->popularity;
const float v2 = ((const colormap_item*)ch2)->popularity;
return v1 > v2 ? -1 : 1;
}
LIQ_NONNULL static void sort_palette_qsort(colormap *map, int start, int nelem)
{
if (!nelem) return;
qsort(map->palette + start, nelem, sizeof(map->palette[0]), compare_popularity);
}
#define SWAP_PALETTE(map, a,b) { \
const colormap_item tmp = (map)->palette[(a)]; \
(map)->palette[(a)] = (map)->palette[(b)]; \
(map)->palette[(b)] = tmp; }
LIQ_NONNULL static void sort_palette(colormap *map, const liq_attr *options)
{
/*
** Step 3.5 [GRR]: remap the palette colors so that all entries with
** the maximal alpha value (i.e., fully opaque) are at the end and can
** therefore be omitted from the tRNS chunk.
*/
if (options->last_index_transparent) {
for(unsigned int i=0; i < map->colors; i++) {
if (map->palette[i].acolor.a < 1.0/256.0) {
const unsigned int old = i, transparent_dest = map->colors-1;
SWAP_PALETTE(map, transparent_dest, old);
/* colors sorted by popularity make pngs slightly more compressible */
sort_palette_qsort(map, 0, map->colors-1);
return;
}
}
}
unsigned int non_fixed_colors = 0;
for(unsigned int i = 0; i < map->colors; i++) {
if (map->palette[i].fixed) {
break;
}
non_fixed_colors++;
}
/* move transparent colors to the beginning to shrink trns chunk */
unsigned int num_transparent = 0;
for(unsigned int i = 0; i < non_fixed_colors; i++) {
if (map->palette[i].acolor.a < 255.0/256.0) {
// current transparent color is swapped with earlier opaque one
if (i != num_transparent) {
SWAP_PALETTE(map, num_transparent, i);
i--;
}
num_transparent++;
}
}
liq_verbose_printf(options, " eliminated opaque tRNS-chunk entries...%d entr%s transparent", num_transparent, (num_transparent == 1)? "y" : "ies");
/* colors sorted by popularity make pngs slightly more compressible
* opaque and transparent are sorted separately
*/
sort_palette_qsort(map, 0, num_transparent);
sort_palette_qsort(map, num_transparent, non_fixed_colors - num_transparent);
if (non_fixed_colors > 9 && map->colors > 16) {
SWAP_PALETTE(map, 7, 1); // slightly improves compression
SWAP_PALETTE(map, 8, 2);
SWAP_PALETTE(map, 9, 3);
}
}
inline static unsigned int posterize_channel(unsigned int color, unsigned int bits)
{
return (color & ~((1<<bits)-1)) | (color >> (8-bits));
}
LIQ_NONNULL static void set_rounded_palette(liq_palette *const dest, colormap *const map, const double gamma, unsigned int posterize)
{
float gamma_lut[256];
to_f_set_gamma(gamma_lut, gamma);
dest->count = map->colors;
for(unsigned int x = 0; x < map->colors; ++x) {
rgba_pixel px = to_rgb(gamma, map->palette[x].acolor);
px.r = posterize_channel(px.r, posterize);
px.g = posterize_channel(px.g, posterize);
px.b = posterize_channel(px.b, posterize);
px.a = posterize_channel(px.a, posterize);
map->palette[x].acolor = to_f(gamma_lut, px); /* saves rounding error introduced by to_rgb, which makes remapping & dithering more accurate */
if (!px.a && !map->palette[x].fixed) {
px.r = 71; px.g = 112; px.b = 76;
}
dest->entries[x] = (liq_color){.r=px.r,.g=px.g,.b=px.b,.a=px.a};
}
}
LIQ_EXPORT LIQ_NONNULL const liq_palette *liq_get_palette(liq_result *result)
{
if (!CHECK_STRUCT_TYPE(result, liq_result)) return NULL;
if (result->remapping && result->remapping->int_palette.count) {
return &result->remapping->int_palette;
}
if (!result->int_palette.count) {
set_rounded_palette(&result->int_palette, result->palette, result->gamma, result->min_posterization_output);
}
return &result->int_palette;
}
LIQ_NONNULL static float remap_to_palette(liq_image *const input_image, unsigned char *const *const output_pixels, colormap *const map, const bool fast)
{
const int rows = input_image->height;
const unsigned int cols = input_image->width;
double remapping_error=0;
if (!liq_image_get_row_f(input_image, 0)) { // trigger lazy conversion
return -1;
}
struct nearest_map *const n = nearest_init(map, fast);
const unsigned int max_threads = omp_get_max_threads();
viter_state average_color[(VITER_CACHE_LINE_GAP+map->colors) * max_threads];
viter_init(map, max_threads, average_color);
#pragma omp parallel for if (rows*cols > 3000) \
schedule(static) default(none) shared(average_color) reduction(+:remapping_error)
for(int row = 0; row < rows; ++row) {
const f_pixel *const row_pixels = liq_image_get_row_f(input_image, row);
unsigned int last_match=0;
for(unsigned int col = 0; col < cols; ++col) {
float diff;
output_pixels[row][col] = last_match = nearest_search(n, &row_pixels[col], last_match, &diff);
remapping_error += diff;
viter_update_color(row_pixels[col], 1.0, map, last_match, omp_get_thread_num(), average_color);
}
}
viter_finalize(map, max_threads, average_color);
nearest_free(n);
return remapping_error / (input_image->width * input_image->height);
}
inline static f_pixel get_dithered_pixel(const float dither_level, const float max_dither_error, const f_pixel thiserr, const f_pixel px)
{
/* Use Floyd-Steinberg errors to adjust actual color. */
const float sr = thiserr.r * dither_level,
sg = thiserr.g * dither_level,
sb = thiserr.b * dither_level,
sa = thiserr.a * dither_level;
float ratio = 1.0;
const float max_overflow = 1.1f;
const float max_underflow = -0.1f;
// allowing some overflow prevents undithered bands caused by clamping of all channels
if (px.r + sr > max_overflow) ratio = MIN(ratio, (max_overflow -px.r)/sr);
else if (px.r + sr < max_underflow) ratio = MIN(ratio, (max_underflow-px.r)/sr);
if (px.g + sg > max_overflow) ratio = MIN(ratio, (max_overflow -px.g)/sg);
else if (px.g + sg < max_underflow) ratio = MIN(ratio, (max_underflow-px.g)/sg);
if (px.b + sb > max_overflow) ratio = MIN(ratio, (max_overflow -px.b)/sb);
else if (px.b + sb < max_underflow) ratio = MIN(ratio, (max_underflow-px.b)/sb);
float a = px.a + sa;
if (a > 1.0) { a = 1.0; }
else if (a < 0) { a = 0; }
// If dithering error is crazy high, don't propagate it that much
// This prevents crazy geen pixels popping out of the blue (or red or black! ;)
const float dither_error = sr*sr + sg*sg + sb*sb + sa*sa;
if (dither_error > max_dither_error) {
ratio *= 0.8;
} else if (dither_error < 2.f/256.f/256.f) {
// don't dither areas that don't have noticeable error — makes file smaller
return px;
}
return (f_pixel){
.r=px.r + sr * ratio,
.g=px.g + sg * ratio,
.b=px.b + sb * ratio,
.a=a,
};
}
/**
Uses edge/noise map to apply dithering only to flat areas. Dithering on edges creates jagged lines, and noisy areas are "naturally" dithered.
If output_image_is_remapped is true, only pixels noticeably changed by error diffusion will be written to output image.
*/
LIQ_NONNULL static bool remap_to_palette_floyd(liq_image *input_image, unsigned char *const output_pixels[], liq_remapping_result *quant, const float max_dither_error, const bool output_image_is_remapped)
{
const unsigned int rows = input_image->height, cols = input_image->width;
const unsigned char *dither_map = quant->use_dither_map ? (input_image->dither_map ? input_image->dither_map : input_image->edges) : NULL;
const colormap *map = quant->palette;
const colormap_item *acolormap = map->palette;
/* Initialize Floyd-Steinberg error vectors. */
f_pixel *restrict thiserr, *restrict nexterr;
const size_t errsize = (cols + 2) * sizeof(*thiserr) * 2;
thiserr = input_image->malloc(errsize); // +2 saves from checking out of bounds access
if (!thiserr) return false;
memset(thiserr, 0, errsize);
nexterr = thiserr + (cols + 2);
bool ok = true;
struct nearest_map *const n = nearest_init(map, false);
// response to this value is non-linear and without it any value < 0.8 would give almost no dithering
float base_dithering_level = quant->dither_level;
base_dithering_level = 1.0 - (1.0-base_dithering_level)*(1.0-base_dithering_level);
if (dither_map) {
base_dithering_level *= 1.0/255.0; // convert byte to float
}
base_dithering_level *= 15.0/16.0; // prevent small errors from accumulating
bool fs_direction = true;
unsigned int last_match=0;
for (unsigned int row = 0; row < rows; ++row) {
if (liq_remap_progress(quant, quant->progress_stage1 + row * (100.f - quant->progress_stage1) / rows)) {
ok = false;
break;
}
memset(nexterr, 0, (cols + 2) * sizeof(*nexterr));
unsigned int col = (fs_direction) ? 0 : (cols - 1);
const f_pixel *const row_pixels = liq_image_get_row_f(input_image, row);
do {
float dither_level = base_dithering_level;
if (dither_map) {
dither_level *= dither_map[row*cols + col];
}
const f_pixel spx = get_dithered_pixel(dither_level, max_dither_error, thiserr[col + 1], row_pixels[col]);
const unsigned int guessed_match = output_image_is_remapped ? output_pixels[row][col] : last_match;
output_pixels[row][col] = last_match = nearest_search(n, &spx, guessed_match, NULL);
const f_pixel output_px = acolormap[last_match].acolor;
f_pixel err = {
.r = (spx.r - output_px.r),
.g = (spx.g - output_px.g),
.b = (spx.b - output_px.b),
.a = (spx.a - output_px.a),
};
// If dithering error is crazy high, don't propagate it that much
// This prevents crazy geen pixels popping out of the blue (or red or black! ;)
if (err.r*err.r + err.g*err.g + err.b*err.b + err.a*err.a > max_dither_error) {
err.r *= 0.75;
err.g *= 0.75;
err.b *= 0.75;
err.a *= 0.75;
}
/* Propagate Floyd-Steinberg error terms. */
if (fs_direction) {
thiserr[col + 2].a += err.a * (7.f/16.f);
thiserr[col + 2].r += err.r * (7.f/16.f);
thiserr[col + 2].g += err.g * (7.f/16.f);
thiserr[col + 2].b += err.b * (7.f/16.f);
nexterr[col + 2].a = err.a * (1.f/16.f);
nexterr[col + 2].r = err.r * (1.f/16.f);
nexterr[col + 2].g = err.g * (1.f/16.f);
nexterr[col + 2].b = err.b * (1.f/16.f);
nexterr[col + 1].a += err.a * (5.f/16.f);
nexterr[col + 1].r += err.r * (5.f/16.f);
nexterr[col + 1].g += err.g * (5.f/16.f);
nexterr[col + 1].b += err.b * (5.f/16.f);
nexterr[col ].a += err.a * (3.f/16.f);
nexterr[col ].r += err.r * (3.f/16.f);
nexterr[col ].g += err.g * (3.f/16.f);
nexterr[col ].b += err.b * (3.f/16.f);
} else {
thiserr[col ].a += err.a * (7.f/16.f);
thiserr[col ].r += err.r * (7.f/16.f);
thiserr[col ].g += err.g * (7.f/16.f);
thiserr[col ].b += err.b * (7.f/16.f);
nexterr[col ].a = err.a * (1.f/16.f);
nexterr[col ].r = err.r * (1.f/16.f);
nexterr[col ].g = err.g * (1.f/16.f);
nexterr[col ].b = err.b * (1.f/16.f);
nexterr[col + 1].a += err.a * (5.f/16.f);
nexterr[col + 1].r += err.r * (5.f/16.f);
nexterr[col + 1].g += err.g * (5.f/16.f);
nexterr[col + 1].b += err.b * (5.f/16.f);
nexterr[col + 2].a += err.a * (3.f/16.f);
nexterr[col + 2].r += err.r * (3.f/16.f);
nexterr[col + 2].g += err.g * (3.f/16.f);
nexterr[col + 2].b += err.b * (3.f/16.f);
}
// remapping is done in zig-zag
if (fs_direction) {
++col;
if (col >= cols) break;
} else {
if (col <= 0) break;
--col;
}
} while(1);
f_pixel *const temperr = thiserr;
thiserr = nexterr;
nexterr = temperr;
fs_direction = !fs_direction;
}
input_image->free(MIN(thiserr, nexterr)); // MIN because pointers were swapped
nearest_free(n);
return ok;
}
/* fixed colors are always included in the palette, so it would be wasteful to duplicate them in palette from histogram */
LIQ_NONNULL static void remove_fixed_colors_from_histogram(histogram *hist, const int fixed_colors_count, const f_pixel fixed_colors[], const float target_mse)
{
const float max_difference = MAX(target_mse/2.0, 2.0/256.0/256.0);
if (fixed_colors_count) {
for(int j=0; j < hist->size; j++) {
for(unsigned int i=0; i < fixed_colors_count; i++) {
if (colordifference(hist->achv[j].acolor, fixed_colors[i]) < max_difference) {
hist->achv[j] = hist->achv[--hist->size]; // remove color from histogram by overwriting with the last entry
j--; break; // continue searching histogram
}
}
}
}
}
LIQ_EXPORT LIQ_NONNULL liq_error liq_histogram_add_image(liq_histogram *input_hist, liq_attr *options, liq_image *input_image)
{
const unsigned int cols = input_image->width, rows = input_image->height;
if (!input_image->noise && options->use_contrast_maps) {
contrast_maps(input_image);
}
input_hist->gamma = input_image->gamma;
for(int i = 0; i < input_image->fixed_colors_count; i++) {
liq_error res = liq_histogram_add_fixed_color_internal(input_hist, input_image->fixed_colors[i]);
if (res != LIQ_OK) {
return res;
}
}
/*
** Step 2: attempt to make a histogram of the colors, unclustered.
** If at first we don't succeed, increase ignorebits to increase color
** coherence and try again.
*/
if (liq_progress(options, options->progress_stage1 * 0.4f)) return LIQ_ABORTED;
const bool all_rows_at_once = liq_image_can_use_rgba_rows(input_image);
// Usual solution is to start from scratch when limit is exceeded, but that's not possible if it's not
// the first image added
const unsigned int max_histogram_entries = input_hist->had_image_added ? ~0 : options->max_histogram_entries;
do {
if (!input_hist->acht) {
input_hist->acht = pam_allocacolorhash(max_histogram_entries, rows*cols, input_hist->ignorebits, options->malloc, options->free);
}
if (!input_hist->acht) return LIQ_OUT_OF_MEMORY;
// histogram uses noise contrast map for importance. Color accuracy in noisy areas is not very important.
// noise map does not include edges to avoid ruining anti-aliasing
for(unsigned int row=0; row < rows; row++) {
bool added_ok;
if (all_rows_at_once) {
added_ok = pam_computeacolorhash(input_hist->acht, (const rgba_pixel *const *)input_image->rows, cols, rows, input_image->noise);
if (added_ok) break;
} else {
const rgba_pixel* rows_p[1] = { liq_image_get_row_rgba(input_image, row) };
added_ok = pam_computeacolorhash(input_hist->acht, rows_p, cols, 1, input_image->noise ? &input_image->noise[row * cols] : NULL);
}
if (!added_ok) {
input_hist->ignorebits++;
liq_verbose_printf(options, " too many colors! Scaling colors to improve clustering... %d", input_hist->ignorebits);
pam_freeacolorhash(input_hist->acht);
input_hist->acht = NULL;
if (liq_progress(options, options->progress_stage1 * 0.6f)) return LIQ_ABORTED;
break;
}
}
} while(!input_hist->acht);
input_hist->had_image_added = true;
if (input_image->noise) {
input_image->free(input_image->noise);
input_image->noise = NULL;
}
if (input_image->free_pixels && input_image->f_pixels) {
liq_image_free_rgba_source(input_image); // bow can free the RGBA source if copy has been made in f_pixels
}
return LIQ_OK;
}
LIQ_NONNULL static liq_error finalize_histogram(liq_histogram *input_hist, liq_attr *options, histogram **hist_output)
{
if (liq_progress(options, options->progress_stage1 * 0.9f)) {
return LIQ_ABORTED;
}
if (!input_hist->acht) {
return LIQ_BITMAP_NOT_AVAILABLE;
}
histogram *hist = pam_acolorhashtoacolorhist(input_hist->acht, input_hist->gamma, options->malloc, options->free);
pam_freeacolorhash(input_hist->acht);
input_hist->acht = NULL;
if (!hist) {
return LIQ_OUT_OF_MEMORY;
}
liq_verbose_printf(options, " made histogram...%d colors found", hist->size);
remove_fixed_colors_from_histogram(hist, input_hist->fixed_colors_count, input_hist->fixed_colors, options->target_mse);
*hist_output = hist;
return LIQ_OK;
}
LIQ_NONNULL static void modify_alpha(liq_image *input_image, rgba_pixel *const row_pixels)
{
/* IE6 makes colors with even slightest transparency completely transparent,
thus to improve situation in IE, make colors that are less than ~10% transparent
completely opaque */
const float min_opaque_val = input_image->min_opaque_val;
const float almost_opaque_val = min_opaque_val * 169.f/256.f;
const unsigned int almost_opaque_val_int = (min_opaque_val * 169.f/256.f)*255.f;
for(unsigned int col = 0; col < input_image->width; col++) {
const rgba_pixel px = row_pixels[col];
/* ie bug: to avoid visible step caused by forced opaqueness, linearily raise opaqueness of almost-opaque colors */
if (px.a >= almost_opaque_val_int) {
float al = px.a / 255.f;
al = almost_opaque_val + (al-almost_opaque_val) * (1.f-almost_opaque_val) / (min_opaque_val-almost_opaque_val);
al *= 256.f;
row_pixels[col].a = al >= 255.f ? 255 : al;
}
}
}
/**
Builds two maps:
noise - approximation of areas with high-frequency noise, except straight edges. 1=flat, 0=noisy.
edges - noise map including all edges
*/
LIQ_NONNULL static void contrast_maps(liq_image *image)
{
const unsigned int cols = image->width, rows = image->height;
if (cols < 4 || rows < 4 || (3*cols*rows) > LIQ_HIGH_MEMORY_LIMIT) {
return;
}
unsigned char *restrict noise = image->noise ? image->noise : image->malloc(cols*rows);
image->noise = NULL;
unsigned char *restrict edges = image->edges ? image->edges : image->malloc(cols*rows);
image->edges = NULL;
unsigned char *restrict tmp = image->malloc(cols*rows);
if (!noise || !edges || !tmp) {
image->free(noise);
image->free(edges);
image->free(tmp);
return;
}
const f_pixel *curr_row, *prev_row, *next_row;
curr_row = prev_row = next_row = liq_image_get_row_f(image, 0);
for (unsigned int j=0; j < rows; j++) {
prev_row = curr_row;
curr_row = next_row;
next_row = liq_image_get_row_f(image, MIN(rows-1,j+1));
f_pixel prev, curr = curr_row[0], next=curr;
for (unsigned int i=0; i < cols; i++) {
prev=curr;
curr=next;
next = curr_row[MIN(cols-1,i+1)];
// contrast is difference between pixels neighbouring horizontally and vertically
const float a = fabsf(prev.a+next.a - curr.a*2.f),
r = fabsf(prev.r+next.r - curr.r*2.f),
g = fabsf(prev.g+next.g - curr.g*2.f),
b = fabsf(prev.b+next.b - curr.b*2.f);
const f_pixel prevl = prev_row[i];
const f_pixel nextl = next_row[i];
const float a1 = fabsf(prevl.a+nextl.a - curr.a*2.f),
r1 = fabsf(prevl.r+nextl.r - curr.r*2.f),
g1 = fabsf(prevl.g+nextl.g - curr.g*2.f),
b1 = fabsf(prevl.b+nextl.b - curr.b*2.f);
const float horiz = MAX(MAX(a,r),MAX(g,b));
const float vert = MAX(MAX(a1,r1),MAX(g1,b1));
const float edge = MAX(horiz,vert);
float z = edge - fabsf(horiz-vert)*.5f;
z = 1.f - MAX(z,MIN(horiz,vert));
z *= z; // noise is amplified
z *= z;
z *= 256.f;
noise[j*cols+i] = z < 256 ? z : 255;
z = (1.f-edge)*256.f;
edges[j*cols+i] = z < 256 ? z : 255;
}
}
// noise areas are shrunk and then expanded to remove thin edges from the map
liq_max3(noise, tmp, cols, rows);
liq_max3(tmp, noise, cols, rows);
liq_blur(noise, tmp, noise, cols, rows, 3);
liq_max3(noise, tmp, cols, rows);
liq_min3(tmp, noise, cols, rows);
liq_min3(noise, tmp, cols, rows);
liq_min3(tmp, noise, cols, rows);
liq_min3(edges, tmp, cols, rows);
liq_max3(tmp, edges, cols, rows);
for(unsigned int i=0; i < cols*rows; i++) edges[i] = MIN(noise[i], edges[i]);
image->free(tmp);
image->noise = noise;
image->edges = edges;
}
/**
* Builds map of neighbor pixels mapped to the same palette entry
*
* For efficiency/simplicity it mainly looks for same consecutive pixels horizontally
* and peeks 1 pixel above/below. Full 2d algorithm doesn't improve it significantly.
* Correct flood fill doesn't have visually good properties.
*/
LIQ_NONNULL static void update_dither_map(unsigned char *const *const row_pointers, liq_image *input_image)
{
const unsigned int width = input_image->width;
const unsigned int height = input_image->height;
unsigned char *const edges = input_image->edges;
for(unsigned int row=0; row < height; row++) {
unsigned char lastpixel = row_pointers[row][0];
unsigned int lastcol=0;
for(unsigned int col=1; col < width; col++) {
const unsigned char px = row_pointers[row][col];
if (px != lastpixel || col == width-1) {
int neighbor_count = 10 * (col-lastcol);
unsigned int i=lastcol;
while(i < col) {
if (row > 0) {
unsigned char pixelabove = row_pointers[row-1][i];
if (pixelabove == lastpixel) neighbor_count += 15;
}
if (row < height-1) {
unsigned char pixelbelow = row_pointers[row+1][i];
if (pixelbelow == lastpixel) neighbor_count += 15;
}
i++;
}
while(lastcol <= col) {
int e = edges[row*width + lastcol];
edges[row*width + lastcol++] = (e+128) * (255.f/(255+128)) * (1.f - 20.f / (20 + neighbor_count));
}
lastpixel = px;
}
}
}
input_image->dither_map = input_image->edges;
input_image->edges = NULL;
}
/**
* Palette can be NULL, in which case it creates a new palette from scratch.
*/
static colormap *add_fixed_colors_to_palette(colormap *palette, const int max_colors, const f_pixel fixed_colors[], const int fixed_colors_count, void* (*malloc)(size_t), void (*free)(void*))
{
if (!fixed_colors_count) return palette;
colormap *newpal = pam_colormap(MIN(max_colors, (palette ? palette->colors : 0) + fixed_colors_count), malloc, free);
unsigned int i=0;
if (palette && fixed_colors_count < max_colors) {
unsigned int palette_max = MIN(palette->colors, max_colors - fixed_colors_count);
for(; i < palette_max; i++) {
newpal->palette[i] = palette->palette[i];
}
}
for(int j=0; j < MIN(max_colors, fixed_colors_count); j++) {
newpal->palette[i++] = (colormap_item){
.acolor = fixed_colors[j],
.fixed = true,
};
}
if (palette) pam_freecolormap(palette);
return newpal;
}
LIQ_NONNULL static void adjust_histogram_callback(hist_item *item, float diff)
{
item->adjusted_weight = (item->perceptual_weight+item->adjusted_weight) * (sqrtf(1.f+diff));
}
/**
Repeats mediancut with different histogram weights to find palette with minimum error.
feedback_loop_trials controls how long the search will take. < 0 skips the iteration.
*/
static colormap *find_best_palette(histogram *hist, const liq_attr *options, const double max_mse, const f_pixel fixed_colors[], const unsigned int fixed_colors_count, double *palette_error_p)
{
unsigned int max_colors = options->max_colors;
// if output is posterized it doesn't make sense to aim for perfrect colors, so increase target_mse
// at this point actual gamma is not set, so very conservative posterization estimate is used
const double target_mse = MIN(max_mse, MAX(options->target_mse, pow((1<<options->min_posterization_output)/1024.0, 2)));
int feedback_loop_trials = options->feedback_loop_trials;
colormap *acolormap = NULL;
double least_error = MAX_DIFF;
double target_mse_overshoot = feedback_loop_trials>0 ? 1.05 : 1.0;
const float total_trials = (float)(feedback_loop_trials>0?feedback_loop_trials:1);
do {
colormap *newmap;
if (hist->size && fixed_colors_count < max_colors) {
newmap = mediancut(hist, max_colors-fixed_colors_count, target_mse * target_mse_overshoot, MAX(MAX(45.0/65536.0, target_mse), least_error)*1.2,
options->malloc, options->free);
} else {
feedback_loop_trials = 0;
newmap = NULL;
}
newmap = add_fixed_colors_to_palette(newmap, max_colors, fixed_colors, fixed_colors_count, options->malloc, options->free);
if (!newmap) {
return NULL;
}
if (feedback_loop_trials <= 0) {
return newmap;
}
// after palette has been created, total error (MSE) is calculated to keep the best palette
// at the same time Voronoi iteration is done to improve the palette
// and histogram weights are adjusted based on remapping error to give more weight to poorly matched colors
const bool first_run_of_target_mse = !acolormap && target_mse > 0;
double total_error = viter_do_iteration(hist, newmap, first_run_of_target_mse ? NULL : adjust_histogram_callback, !acolormap || options->fast_palette);
// goal is to increase quality or to reduce number of colors used if quality is good enough
if (!acolormap || total_error < least_error || (total_error <= target_mse && newmap->colors < max_colors)) {
if (acolormap) pam_freecolormap(acolormap);
acolormap = newmap;
if (total_error < target_mse && total_error > 0) {
// voronoi iteration improves quality above what mediancut aims for
// this compensates for it, making mediancut aim for worse
target_mse_overshoot = MIN(target_mse_overshoot*1.25, target_mse/total_error);
}
least_error = total_error;
// if number of colors could be reduced, try to keep it that way
// but allow extra color as a bit of wiggle room in case quality can be improved too
max_colors = MIN(newmap->colors+1, max_colors);
feedback_loop_trials -= 1; // asymptotic improvement could make it go on forever
} else {
for(unsigned int j=0; j < hist->size; j++) {
hist->achv[j].adjusted_weight = (hist->achv[j].perceptual_weight + hist->achv[j].adjusted_weight)/2.0;
}
target_mse_overshoot = 1.0;
feedback_loop_trials -= 6;
// if error is really bad, it's unlikely to improve, so end sooner
if (total_error > least_error*4) feedback_loop_trials -= 3;
pam_freecolormap(newmap);
}
float fraction_done = 1.f-MAX(0.f, feedback_loop_trials/total_trials);
if (liq_progress(options, options->progress_stage1 + fraction_done * options->progress_stage2)) break;
liq_verbose_printf(options, " selecting colors...%d%%", (int)(100.f * fraction_done));
}
while(feedback_loop_trials > 0);
*palette_error_p = least_error;
return acolormap;
}
static colormap *histogram_to_palette(const histogram *hist, const liq_attr *options) {
if (!hist->size) {
return NULL;
}
colormap *acolormap = pam_colormap(hist->size, options->malloc, options->free);
for(unsigned int i=0; i < hist->size; i++) {
acolormap->palette[i].acolor = hist->achv[i].acolor;
acolormap->palette[i].popularity = hist->achv[i].perceptual_weight;
}
return acolormap;
}
LIQ_NONNULL static liq_error pngquant_quantize(histogram *hist, const liq_attr *options, const int fixed_colors_count, const f_pixel fixed_colors[], const double gamma, bool fixed_result_colors, liq_result **result_output)
{
colormap *acolormap;
double palette_error = -1;
assert((verbose_print(options, "SLOW debug checks enabled. Recompile with NDEBUG for normal operation."),1));
// no point having perfect match with imperfect colors (ignorebits > 0)
const bool fast_palette = options->fast_palette || hist->ignorebits > 0;
const bool few_input_colors = hist->size+fixed_colors_count <= options->max_colors;
if (liq_progress(options, options->progress_stage1)) return LIQ_ABORTED;
// If image has few colors to begin with (and no quality degradation is required)
// then it's possible to skip quantization entirely
if (few_input_colors && options->target_mse == 0) {
acolormap = add_fixed_colors_to_palette(histogram_to_palette(hist, options), options->max_colors, fixed_colors, fixed_colors_count, options->malloc, options->free);
palette_error = 0;
} else {
const double max_mse = options->max_mse * (few_input_colors ? 0.33 : 1.0); // when degrading image that's already paletted, require much higher improvement, since pal2pal often looks bad and there's little gain
acolormap = find_best_palette(hist, options, max_mse, fixed_colors, fixed_colors_count, &palette_error);
if (!acolormap) {
return LIQ_VALUE_OUT_OF_RANGE;
}
// Voronoi iteration approaches local minimum for the palette
const double iteration_limit = options->voronoi_iteration_limit;
unsigned int iterations = options->voronoi_iterations;
if (!iterations && palette_error < 0 && max_mse < MAX_DIFF) iterations = 1; // otherwise total error is never calculated and MSE limit won't work
if (iterations) {
// likely_colormap_index (used and set in viter_do_iteration) can't point to index outside colormap
if (acolormap->colors < 256) for(unsigned int j=0; j < hist->size; j++) {
if (hist->achv[j].tmp.likely_colormap_index >= acolormap->colors) {
hist->achv[j].tmp.likely_colormap_index = 0; // actual value doesn't matter, as the guess is out of date anyway
}
}
verbose_print(options, " moving colormap towards local minimum");
double previous_palette_error = MAX_DIFF;
for(unsigned int i=0; i < iterations; i++) {
palette_error = viter_do_iteration(hist, acolormap, NULL, i==0 || options->fast_palette);
if (liq_progress(options, options->progress_stage1 + options->progress_stage2 + (i * options->progress_stage3 * 0.9f) / iterations)) {
break;
}
if (fabs(previous_palette_error-palette_error) < iteration_limit) {
break;
}
if (palette_error > max_mse*1.5) { // probably hopeless
if (palette_error > max_mse*3.0) break; // definitely hopeless
i++;
}
previous_palette_error = palette_error;
}
}
if (palette_error > max_mse) {
liq_verbose_printf(options, " image degradation MSE=%.3f (Q=%d) exceeded limit of %.3f (%d)",
mse_to_standard_mse(palette_error), mse_to_quality(palette_error),
mse_to_standard_mse(max_mse), mse_to_quality(max_mse));
pam_freecolormap(acolormap);
return LIQ_QUALITY_TOO_LOW;
}
}
if (liq_progress(options, options->progress_stage1 + options->progress_stage2 + options->progress_stage3 * 0.95f)) {
pam_freecolormap(acolormap);
return LIQ_ABORTED;
}
sort_palette(acolormap, options);
// If palette was created from a multi-image histogram,
// then it shouldn't be optimized for one image during remapping
if (fixed_result_colors) {
for(unsigned int i=0; i < acolormap->colors; i++) {
acolormap->palette[i].fixed = true;
}
}
liq_result *result = options->malloc(sizeof(liq_result));
if (!result) return LIQ_OUT_OF_MEMORY;
*result = (liq_result){
.magic_header = liq_result_magic,
.malloc = options->malloc,
.free = options->free,
.palette = acolormap,
.palette_error = palette_error,
.fast_palette = fast_palette,
.use_dither_map = options->use_dither_map,
.gamma = gamma,
.min_posterization_output = options->min_posterization_output,
};
*result_output = result;
return LIQ_OK;
}
LIQ_EXPORT LIQ_NONNULL liq_error liq_write_remapped_image(liq_result *result, liq_image *input_image, void *buffer, size_t buffer_size)
{
if (!CHECK_STRUCT_TYPE(result, liq_result)) {
return LIQ_INVALID_POINTER;
}
if (!CHECK_STRUCT_TYPE(input_image, liq_image)) {
return LIQ_INVALID_POINTER;
}
if (!CHECK_USER_POINTER(buffer)) {
return LIQ_INVALID_POINTER;
}
const size_t required_size = input_image->width * input_image->height;
if (buffer_size < required_size) {
return LIQ_BUFFER_TOO_SMALL;
}
unsigned char *rows[input_image->height];
unsigned char *buffer_bytes = buffer;
for(unsigned int i=0; i < input_image->height; i++) {
rows[i] = &buffer_bytes[input_image->width * i];
}
return liq_write_remapped_image_rows(result, input_image, rows);
}
LIQ_EXPORT LIQ_NONNULL liq_error liq_write_remapped_image_rows(liq_result *quant, liq_image *input_image, unsigned char **row_pointers)
{
if (!CHECK_STRUCT_TYPE(quant, liq_result)) return LIQ_INVALID_POINTER;
if (!CHECK_STRUCT_TYPE(input_image, liq_image)) return LIQ_INVALID_POINTER;
for(unsigned int i=0; i < input_image->height; i++) {
if (!CHECK_USER_POINTER(row_pointers+i) || !CHECK_USER_POINTER(row_pointers[i])) return LIQ_INVALID_POINTER;
}
if (quant->remapping) {
liq_remapping_result_destroy(quant->remapping);
}
liq_remapping_result *const result = quant->remapping = liq_remapping_result_create(quant);
if (!result) return LIQ_OUT_OF_MEMORY;
if (!input_image->edges && !input_image->dither_map && quant->use_dither_map) {
contrast_maps(input_image);
}
if (liq_remap_progress(result, result->progress_stage1 * 0.25f)) {
return LIQ_ABORTED;
}
/*
** Step 4: map the colors in the image to their closest match in the
** new colormap, and write 'em out.
*/
float remapping_error = result->palette_error;
if (result->dither_level == 0) {
set_rounded_palette(&result->int_palette, result->palette, result->gamma, quant->min_posterization_output);
remapping_error = remap_to_palette(input_image, row_pointers, result->palette, quant->fast_palette);
} else {
const bool generate_dither_map = result->use_dither_map && (input_image->edges && !input_image->dither_map);
if (generate_dither_map) {
// If dithering (with dither map) is required, this image is used to find areas that require dithering
remapping_error = remap_to_palette(input_image, row_pointers, result->palette, quant->fast_palette);
update_dither_map(row_pointers, input_image);
}
if (liq_remap_progress(result, result->progress_stage1 * 0.5f)) {
return LIQ_ABORTED;
}
// remapping above was the last chance to do voronoi iteration, hence the final palette is set after remapping
set_rounded_palette(&result->int_palette, result->palette, result->gamma, quant->min_posterization_output);
if (!remap_to_palette_floyd(input_image, row_pointers, result, MAX(remapping_error*2.4, 16.f/256.f), generate_dither_map)) {
return LIQ_ABORTED;
}
}
// remapping error from dithered image is absurd, so always non-dithered value is used
// palette_error includes some perceptual weighting from histogram which is closer correlated with dssim
// so that should be used when possible.
if (result->palette_error < 0) {
result->palette_error = remapping_error;
}
return LIQ_OK;
}
LIQ_EXPORT int liq_version() {
return LIQ_VERSION;
}
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